Assisting, Replicating, or Autonomously Acting? An Ethical Framework for Integrating AI Tools and Technologies in Healthcare.

Artificial intelligence (AI)‐based technologies are increasingly being utilized, tested, and integrated into conventional healthcare delivery. Technological opportunities, ranging from machine‐learning‐based data analysis tools to large language model‐based virtual healthcare assistants, offer signi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Bioethics Vol. 40; no. 1; pp. 52 - 61
Autores principales: Padela, Aasim I., Hayek, Rwan, Tabassum, Aliya, Jotterand, Fabrice, Qadir, Junaid
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Jan2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=190304709&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 190304709
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        02699702
        6PJ
      jtl: Bioethics
      issn: 02699702
      maglogo: Y
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jan2026
      vid: 40
      iid: 1
      pid: 480
      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
    artinfo:
      ui:
        190304709
        10.1111/bioe.70019
      ppf: 52
      ppct: 9
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Assisting, Replicating, or Autonomously Acting? An Ethical Framework for Integrating AI Tools and Technologies in Healthcare.
      aug:
        au:
          Padela, Aasim I.
          Hayek, Rwan
          Tabassum, Aliya
          Jotterand, Fabrice
          Qadir, Junaid
        affil:
          Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin,, USA
          Center for Bioethics and the Medical Humanities, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin,, USA
          Medical College of Georgia, Augusta Georgia,, USA
          College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
          Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
      su:
        Empathy
        Professional autonomy
        Artificial intelligence
        Responsibility
        Privacy
        Bioethics
        Patient-centered care
        Physician-patient relations
        Technology
        Trust
        Medical ethics
        Patient participation
        Clinical decision support systems
        Natural language processing
        Robotics
        Integrated health care delivery
      sug:
        subj:
          Empathy
          Professional autonomy
          Artificial intelligence
          Responsibility
          Privacy
          Bioethics
          Patient-centered care
          Physician-patient relations
          Technology
          Trust
          Medical ethics
          Patient participation
          Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology)
          Clinical decision support systems
          Natural language processing
          Robotics
          Integrated health care delivery
      keyword:
        artificial intelligence
        bioethics
        guidelines
        humanity
        patient centered care
        artificial intelligence
        bioethics
        guidelines
        humanity
        patient centered care
      ab: Artificial intelligence (AI)‐based technologies are increasingly being utilized, tested, and integrated into conventional healthcare delivery. Technological opportunities, ranging from machine‐learning‐based data analysis tools to large language model‐based virtual healthcare assistants, offer significant potential to enhance healthcare access and improve outcomes. Researchers have discussed potential benefits, including improved resource allocation, diagnostic accuracy, and patient outcomes from greater AI integration in healthcare, and also have voiced concerns around data privacy, algorithmic bias, and diffused accountability. This paper adds to the literature by proposing an ethical framework that allows for both describing and normatively evaluating AI‐mediated healthcare delivery based on its potential impact on human‐centered patient care. Drawing upon Pelligrino's notions of the patient–doctor relationship, we propose a framework with two axes, one related to spectrum of patient engagement and the other related to the clinician's role, through which to assess the use of AI in healthcare. Technologies and tools that have minimal to no interaction with patients and primarily assist physicians in making clinical decisions tend to have the least ethical challenges. On the other hand, those that are fully patient‐facing and work in parallel with doctors or autonomously in therapeutic or decisional roles are the most controversial, as they risk making healthcare less human‐centric. As we advance toward more pervasive integration of AI in healthcare, our framework can facilitate upfront design and downstream implementation‐related decisions.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N