Lead as pharmakon: IQ, violence, and the racialization of a toxic element.

By tracking lead toxicology and politics from the United States to Peru, this article shows how contemporary discourses of human lead exposure have become complexly racialized. Despite its nearly global ban from gasoline and paint, lead poisoning remains a systemic health problem in marginalized com...

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Publicado en:Medical Anthropology Quarterly Vol. 39; no. 4; pp. 1 - 16
Autor principal: Graeter, Stefanie Toney
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Dec2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Lead as pharmakon: IQ, violence, and the racialization of a toxic element.
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        au: Graeter, Stefanie Toney
        affil: Center for Latin American Studies, School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson Arizona, , USA
      su:
        United States
        Peru
        Racialization
        Cognitive ability
        Health equity
        Poor communities
        Discrimination (Sociology)
        Violence
        Lead
        Toxicology
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        subj:
          Racialization
          Cognitive ability
          Health equity
          Poor communities
          Discrimination (Sociology)
          Violence
          United States
          Peru
          Metal service centres
          Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing
          All other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing
          Lead
          Toxicology
      ab: By tracking lead toxicology and politics from the United States to Peru, this article shows how contemporary discourses of human lead exposure have become complexly racialized. Despite its nearly global ban from gasoline and paint, lead poisoning remains a systemic health problem in marginalized communities throughout the world. Viewed as a "social pharmakon," lead's ongoing "cures" outweigh current social valuations of its systemic physiological harm in racially devalued communities. While scientific research linking lead to decreased IQ and increased violent behavior has attempted to animate broader public interest in the inequitable spread of lead exposure, it does so by reanimating racist tropes of biogeographic inferiority. Rather than dehumanizing lead‐exposed individuals and communities, narratives of lead intoxication must integrate its immediate social and material harms in specific locales and as a symptom of systemic racial injustice at a global scale.
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    language: English
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