Analysing four decades of urban growth in Greater Khartoum, Sudan, using Earth observation data and Google Earth Engine.

Rapid urbanisation associated with population growth and economic development is a key driver of changes in local and global land use and land cover (LULC). Monitoring and modelling changes that occur in LULC are crucial for promoting sustainable urban development and advancing humankind. Remote sen...

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Publicado en:Cogent Social Sciences Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 1 - 20
Autores principales: Abdalla Idris, Ismail, Adam, Elhadi, Abubakr Ali Abutaleb, Khaled, O. I. Abaker, Abdelgalal
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Dec2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2025
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        atl: Analysing four decades of urban growth in Greater Khartoum, Sudan, using Earth observation data and Google Earth Engine.
      aug:
        au:
          Abdalla Idris, Ismail
          Adam, Elhadi
          Abubakr Ali Abutaleb, Khaled
          O. I. Abaker, Abdelgalal
        affil:
          School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
          Geo-Information Division, Agricultural Research Council-Natural Resource and Engineering (ARC-NRF), Pretoria, South Africa
          Applied College, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
      su:
        Khartoum (Sudan)
        Sudan
        Urban growth
        Cities & towns
        Sustainable development
        Remote sensing
        Landsat satellites
        Geographic information systems
      sug:
        subj:
          Urban growth
          Cities & towns
          Sustainable development
          Khartoum (Sudan)
          Sudan
          Land Subdivision
          Administration of General Economic Programs
          Remote sensing
          Landsat satellites
          Geographic information systems
      keyword:
        change detection
        Khartoum
        Landsat
        random forest
        Urban expansion
        change detection
        Khartoum
        Landsat
        random forest
        Urban expansion
      ab: Rapid urbanisation associated with population growth and economic development is a key driver of changes in local and global land use and land cover (LULC). Monitoring and modelling changes that occur in LULC are crucial for promoting sustainable urban development and advancing humankind. Remote sensing has been applied worldwide to map and monitor LULC changes, although mapping of the urbanisation of Khartoum (Sudan) has not yet been done. This study detects and analyses urban growth in Greater Khartoum in five-year intervals from 1982 to 2022 using nine temporal Landsat images. The images were classified using the random forest classification algorithm. Overall accuracy and the standard kappa coefficient were applied for accuracy assessment of the classification. The overall accuracies were 81.4–91.0% and the kappa coefficient ranged from 0.70 to 0.88. The built-up area expanded from 21,621 ha in 1982 to 121,741 ha in 2022. Bare land decreased from 497,730 ha in 1982 to 379,896 ha in 2022. Agricultural areas and water body varied, but the study area underwent rapid expansion during the same period. We believe this is the first detailed study offering insight into the growth of this city. These findings contribute to strengthening the planning and management of Sudan's largest city.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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