Bidirectional transparency in human-agent communications: effects of direction and level of transparency.
This study investigated whether bidirectional transparency, compared to agent-to-human transparency, improved human–agent collaboration. Additionally, we examined the optimal transparency levels for both humans and agents. We assessed the impact of transparency direction and level on various metrics...
| Publicado en: | Ergonomics Vol. 69; no. 2; pp. 187 - 206 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Feb2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=191012016&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 191012016 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00140139 ERO jtl: Ergonomics issn: 00140139 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Feb2026 vid: 69 iid: 2 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 191012016 182530750 191012016 191012016 10.1080/00140139.2025.2456535 191012016 ppf: 187 ppct: 19 formats: tig: atl: Bidirectional transparency in human-agent communications: effects of direction and level of transparency. aug: au: Xu, Xinran Yu, Ruifeng Yuan, Minhui Zheng, Jingyue affil: Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China sug: subj: Artificial Intelligence User-Computer Interface Communication Cooperative Behavior Task Performance and Analysis Human Male Female Adult Experimental Studies Trust Decision Support Techniques Models, Theoretical Simulations Workload Cognition Computer Simulation Paired T-Tests Analysis of Variance Post Hoc Analysis Statistical Significance Data Analysis Software Descriptive Statistics Funding Source Adult: 19-44 years Male Female ab: This study investigated whether bidirectional transparency, compared to agent-to-human transparency, improved human–agent collaboration. Additionally, we examined the optimal transparency levels for both humans and agents. We assessed the impact of transparency direction and level on various metrics of a human-agent team, including performance, trust, satisfaction, perceived agent's teaming skills, and mental workload. A total of 30 participants engaged in a human-agent collaborative game in a within-subject experiment with five conditions: a 2 (transparency directions: agent-to-human transparency vs. bidirectional transparency) × 2 (transparency levels: reasoning transparency vs. reasoning + projection transparency) factorial design, plus an additional action transparency condition as a control condition. The findings indicated that bidirectional transparency improved task performance without increasing the mental workload. This study recommends a bidirectional transparency mechanism, in which the agent provides transparency to humans regarding its reasoning and predictions, whereas humans offer transparency to the agent regarding their reasoning. Practitioner Summary: This study highlights the importance of bidirectional transparency in human-agent collaboration, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing task performance without increasing mental workload. It recommends implementing a mechanism where both humans and agents share transparency information, optimising collaboration outcomes. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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