| Sumario: | Simple Summary: irAEs can happen in any patient receiving ICIs, either in a metastatic or non-metastatic setting. Given their increasing application in clinical practice, understanding the underlying causes and manifestations, as well as diagnosis and management, is of great importance, making it one of the most important topics to be investigated regarding the effect on a patient's life quality as well as quality of treatment. Here, we discuss the cases of two patients with the diagnosis of TNBC, receiving an anti-PD1 mAb, pembrolizumab, in the neoadjuvant setting presenting with dual endocrine-related irAEs. The flow of diagnosis, treatment, and patient's consideration as well as risk factors are explained and discussed by the authors, while the management of endocrine-related adverse events is explained by two endocrinologists with expertise in management of these complications. Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, showed promising results in the treatment of different types of solid tumors and generally an improvement in overall survival and patients' outcome. However, as a drug that targets the immune system to enhance the anti-tumor response, it simultaneously increases the risk of autoimmune reactions, producing immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs might involve any body organ, and in some cases may lead to treatment discontinuation. In this article, we discuss two cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, who developed irAEs during the course of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab, highlighting the mechanism of the reactions, possible clinical manifestations, and potential management.
|
|---|