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Association between Tobacco Use and Low-birth-weight Babies among Women of Prime Childbearing Age Group (20–34 years) in India: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–2021).

Background: Tobacco use during pregnancy is a significant public health issue associated with adverse outcomes, including low birth weight (LBW) in infants. This study investigates the association between tobacco use and pregnancy outcomes, specifically LBW, among women of prime childbearing age (20...

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Published in:Indian Journal of Community Medicine Vol. 51; no. 1; pp. 145 - 154
Main Authors: Rahini, S, Raj, Sonika, Mal, Piyasa, Gupta, Madhu, Goel, Sonu
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd Jan/Feb2026
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jan/Feb2026
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      pub: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd
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        10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_764_24
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        atl: Association between Tobacco Use and Low-birth-weight Babies among Women of Prime Childbearing Age Group (20–34 years) in India: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Family Health Survey-5 (2019–2021).
      aug:
        au:
          Rahini, S
          Raj, Sonika
          Mal, Piyasa
          Gupta, Madhu
          Goel, Sonu
        affil: Department of Community Medicine, Sri Venkateswaraa Medical College and Research Institute Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
      sug:
        subj:
          Tobacco Adverse Effects
          Infant, Low Birth Weight
          Childbearing Age
          Women's Health
          Human
          Female
          Adult
          India
          Secondary Analysis
          Surveys
          Univariate Statistics
          Multivariate Analysis
          Logistic Regression
          Sociodemographic Factors
          Prevalence
          Health Policy
          Substance Use Disorders
          Tobacco, Smokeless
          Smoking
          Questionnaires
          Analytic Research
          Self Report
          Nutritional Status
          Data Analysis Software
          Confidence
          Odds Ratio
          Confidence Intervals
          Risk Assessment
          Vasoconstriction
          Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
          Inflammation
          Oxidative Stress
          Fetal Growth Retardation
          Dietary Supplements
          Residence Characteristics
          Social Class
          Religion and Religions
          Educational Status
          Body Mass Index
          Hypertension
          Alcohol Drinking
          Funding Source
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
      ab: Background: Tobacco use during pregnancy is a significant public health issue associated with adverse outcomes, including low birth weight (LBW) in infants. This study investigates the association between tobacco use and pregnancy outcomes, specifically LBW, among women of prime childbearing age (20–34 years) by using nationally representative data. Materials and Methods: The data of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 5, conducted between June 2019 and April 2021, were analyzed. The prevalence of LBW and its association with tobacco use were determined using univariate regression. Subsequently, multivariable logistic regression was employed to predict the association between tobacco use and LBW, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, illness, physical characteristics, and state-wise variations. Results: The weighted prevalence of LBW babies was 18.16% (95% CI: 17.98–18.33), with a higher prevalence among tobacco users (21.39%, 95% CI: 20.29–22.53). Women who used smoked forms of tobacco were found to be at a 1.78 times higher risk (95% CI: 1.08–2.93) for LBW babies. Although smokeless tobacco use was associated with LBW in bivariate analysis, this association was not significant after adjusting for other factors. Conclusion: This study highlights the increased burden of LBW among women aged 20–34 years who used tobacco. These findings underscore the urgent need to develop and implement targeted tobacco control policies for women of childbearing age to improve pregnancy outcomes.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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