Nationwide incidence of lateral malleolar fracture surgery across 6 European countries: has recent evidence changed clinical practice?

Background and purpose — Increased use of weightbearing radiographs to assess ankle mortise stability have suggested that most lateral malleolar fractures with a congruent mortise on initial radiographs can successfully be treated nonoperatively. We aimed to evaluate trends in the surgical managemen...

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Published in:Acta Orthopaedica Vol. 96; pp. 763 - 771
Main Authors: PONKILAINEN, Ville, IBOUNIG, Thomas, JONES, Tim, REITO, Aleksi, CRIJNS, Tom J., WHITEHOUSE, Michael, FELLÄNDER-TSAI, Li, SUTER, Cyrill, RÄMÖ, Lasse, JÄRVINEN, Teppo L. N.
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Medical Journals Sweden AB 2025
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: 2025
      vid: 96
      pid: 59195
      pub: Medical Journals Sweden AB
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        10.2340/17453674.2025.44797
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        atl: Nationwide incidence of lateral malleolar fracture surgery across 6 European countries: has recent evidence changed clinical practice?
      aug:
        au:
          PONKILAINEN, Ville
          IBOUNIG, Thomas
          JONES, Tim
          REITO, Aleksi
          CRIJNS, Tom J.
          WHITEHOUSE, Michael
          FELLÄNDER-TSAI, Li
          SUTER, Cyrill
          RÄMÖ, Lasse
          JÄRVINEN, Teppo L. N.
        affil: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Pirkanmaa.
      sug:
        subj:
          Ankle Fractures Surgery
          Fracture Fixation Trends
          Fracture Fixation Utilization
          Medical Practice, Evidence-Based
          Geographic Factors
          Human
          Incidence
          Europe
          Austria
          England
          Finland
          Germany
          Sweden
          Switzerland
          Matched Case Control
          Surgical Patients
          Confidence Intervals
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Aged, 80 and Over
          Retrospective Design
          Record Review
          Nonexperimental Studies
          Odds Ratio
          Poisson Distribution
          Regression
          Descriptive Statistics
          Weight-Bearing
          Ankle Fractures Radiography
          Ankle Fractures Therapy
          Conservative Treatment
          Data Analysis Software
          Ankle Fractures Epidemiology
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Aged, 80 & over
      ab: Background and purpose — Increased use of weightbearing radiographs to assess ankle mortise stability have suggested that most lateral malleolar fractures with a congruent mortise on initial radiographs can successfully be treated nonoperatively. We aimed to evaluate trends in the surgical management of isolated lateral malleolus fractures across Austria, England, Finland, Germany, Sweden, and Switzerland from 2013 to 2022 Methods — We performed a multi-register study to document the annual incidence of operative treatment for isolated lateral malleolus fractures through procedure codes across 6 European countries between 2013 and 2022. The annual incidence of operative treatment was calculated by dividing the total number of procedures per year by the year- and agematched population based on publicly available demographics data. Results — Across the 6 studied European countries, the incidence of surgery for lateral malleolar fracture varied 6-fold between the country with highest (Germany) and lowest (England) incidences; Germany: 37 (95% confidence interval [CI] 37–38) per 105; Switzerland: 34 (CI 32–35) per 105, Austria: 27 (CI 26–28) per 105, Finland: 17 (CI 16–18) per 105, Sweden: 8 (CI 7–9) per 105, and England: 6 (CI 6–7) per 105 in 2021. Over the 10-year study period, the incidence of surgery for lateral malleolar fractures declined notably in Sweden (–29%), Finland (–26%), England (–20%), and Switzerland (–14%), but remained stable in Germany and Austria. Conclusion — The incidence of surgery for lateral malleolar fracture varied 6-fold across 6 studied European countries. Reductions of approximately 20–30% were observed in England, Sweden, and Finland (countries with the lowest baseline rates), while in Germany and Austria (countries with higher baseline rates), the incidence of surgery remained stable over the 10-year observation period.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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