Understanding the implementation of interprofessional primary care teams: using concept mapping to inform interdisciplinary longitudinal studies.

Interprofessional teams in primary care are vital for enhancing health outcomes, professional satisfaction, and equitable access to health services. However, the longitudinal evolution of high-performing teams remains underexplored, requiring interdisciplinary research. Preliminary mapping and opera...

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Published in:Journal of Interprofessional Care Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 193 - 206
Main Authors: Galvez-Hernandez, Pablo, Wodchis, Walter P., Kuluski, Kerry, Martin-Misener, Ruth, McShane, Myron, Rayner, Jennifer, Wankah, Paul, Steele Gray, Carolyn
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd Mar/Apr2026
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
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        atl: Understanding the implementation of interprofessional primary care teams: using concept mapping to inform interdisciplinary longitudinal studies.
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          Galvez-Hernandez, Pablo
          Wodchis, Walter P.
          Kuluski, Kerry
          Martin-Misener, Ruth
          McShane, Myron
          Rayner, Jennifer
          Wankah, Paul
          Steele Gray, Carolyn
        affil: Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
      sug:
        subj:
          Primary Health Care
          Multidisciplinary Care Team Canada
          Interprofessional Relations
          Program Development
          Conceptual Framework
          Human
          Canada
          Prospective Studies
          Concept Mapping
          Action Research
          Job Satisfaction
          Health Services Accessibility
          Collaboration
          Teamwork
          Funding Source
          Brainstorming
      ab: Interprofessional teams in primary care are vital for enhancing health outcomes, professional satisfaction, and equitable access to health services. However, the longitudinal evolution of high-performing teams remains underexplored, requiring interdisciplinary research. Preliminary mapping and operationalization of key constructs are recommended prior to conducting such research. This article outlines the development of the Optimizing Teams for Interprofessional Care in Primary Health Care (OPTIC-PHC) conceptual framework by a Canadian multidisciplinary research team. The objective of developing this framework is to guide a pan-Canadian longitudinal study on interprofessional primary care team evolution, defining key constructs to streamline research efforts. The participatory, multi-stage group concept mapping exercise involved 14 meetings with 30 researchers and policymakers across six steps: defining the focus questions; brainstorming and identifying concepts; constructing a preliminary map; initial team revision; identifying cross-links and developing the framework; and final framework revision. The framework comprises 19 concepts organized into 6 domains: 1) patient and community partnership and engagement; 2) individual perspectives, values, and beliefs; 3) team structure and organizational factors; 4) team collaboration and communication; 5) aligning with patient and community needs, and 6) external context. These concepts and domains delineate structural elements and processes to study in multidisciplinary longitudinal research to understand what drives IPCTs' evolution to meet patient and community needs over time. It serves as an initial tool for researchers studying IPCTs and teams that aim to advance IPCT models. Engagement of patients and caregivers can help refine the framework, ensuring its relevance and strengthening measurement strategies.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
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        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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