Automatic activation of the shared-digit network in the solution of complex multiplication problems.

Previous studies have shown that the associative network of single-digit multiplication problems is automatically activated, even when participants perform irrelevant tasks, and that single-digit multiplication problems automatically activate all single-digit problems sharing at least one digit with...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Memory & Cognition Vol. 54; no. 2; pp. 532 - 548
Main Authors: Sapir-Yogev, Smadar, Ashkenazi, Sarit
Format: Article
Published: Springer Nature Feb2026
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=192010493&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 192010493
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        0090502X
        MEG
      jtl: Memory & Cognition
      issn: 0090502X
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Feb2026
      vid: 54
      iid: 2
      pid: 237
      pub: Springer Nature
    artinfo:
      ui:
        192010493
        10.3758/s13421-025-01766-1
      ppf: 532
      ppct: 16
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 974KB
      tig:
        atl: Automatic activation of the shared-digit network in the solution of complex multiplication problems.
      aug:
        au:
          Sapir-Yogev, Smadar
          Ashkenazi, Sarit
        affil: https://ror.org/03qxff017 The Seymour Fox School of Education, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905, Jerusalem, Israel
      su:
        Israel
        Task performance
        Universities & colleges
        Learning
        Problem solving
        Students
        Memory
        Computer assisted instruction
        Cognition
        Mathematics
        T-test (Statistics)
        Two-way analysis of variance
        Research evaluation
        Descriptive statistics
        Data analysis software
        Reaction time
        Regression analysis
      sug:
        subj:
          Task performance
          Universities & colleges
          Learning
          Problem solving
          Students
          Memory
          Computer assisted instruction
          Cognition
          Israel
          Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools
          Mathematics
          T-test (Statistics)
          Two-way analysis of variance
          Research evaluation
          Descriptive statistics
          Data analysis software
          Reaction time
          Regression analysis
      keyword:
        Arithmetic
        Associative network
        Complex multiplication
        Mathematical knowledge
        Multiplication table
        Numerical cognition
        Arithmetic
        Associative network
        Complex multiplication
        Mathematical knowledge
        Multiplication table
        Numerical cognition
      ab: Previous studies have shown that the associative network of single-digit multiplication problems is automatically activated, even when participants perform irrelevant tasks, and that single-digit multiplication problems automatically activate all single-digit problems sharing at least one digit with them (the shared-digit network; SDN). We examined whether the SDN would also be automatically activated when participants perform an irrelevant task. Specifically, we asked whether complex multiplication problems (e.g., 2 × 12 =) automatically activate all single-digit problems that share digits with them. In Experiment 1, participants solved all complex problems whose solutions were less than 100. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants solved sets of complex problems that differed in SDN size and in carryover status and were matched in problem size. Participants reported the strategies they used to solve the problems. Results showed that SDN size, which reflected the number of single-digit problems sharing digits with the complex problem, predicted speed and accuracy in the solution of complex problems. Regardless of carryover status and strategy, participants solved complex problems with small SDNs more quickly than complex problems with large SDNs. Regardless of carryover status, participants used retrieval more often when solving problems with a small SDN than with a large SDN. Thus, we have demonstrated that SDN size determines speed and accuracy in the solution of complex multiplication problems, and that the SDN is automatically activated even during performance of an irrelevant task.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N