Surgical Imperatives in Benign Follicular Nodular Disease: Redefining Malignancy Risk and the Role of Total Thyroidectomy.
Background: Goiter is the most prevalent endocrine illness, and it is considered endemic when > 10% of a community has it. The patient may not notice the nodules, which typically form early in endemic goiter and later in sporadic goiter. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the in...
| Publicado en: | BioMed Research International Vol. 2026; pp. 1 - 7 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Wiley-Blackwell
3/10/2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=192205206&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 192205206 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 23146133 FT2T jtl: BioMed Research International issn: 23146133 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 3/10/2026 vid: 2026 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell place: Malden, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 192205206 192205206 192205206 10.1155/bmri/6651666 192205206 ppf: 1 ppct: 6 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: C – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Surgical Imperatives in Benign Follicular Nodular Disease: Redefining Malignancy Risk and the Role of Total Thyroidectomy. aug: au: Dewana, Azhy Muhammed Gurumallesh Prabu, Poorani affil: Department of Surgery, , College of Medicine, , Hawler Medical University, , Erbil, Kurdistan Region, , Iraq, hmu.edu.iq sug: subj: Goiter Surgery Thyroidectomy Thyroid Neoplasms Risk Factors Risk Assessment Thyroid Neoplasms Physiopathology Thyroid Neoplasms Diagnosis Biopsy, Needle Cytology Goiter Classification Human Male Female Adult Middle Age Aged Incidence Prospective Studies Cross Sectional Studies Descriptive Research Academic Medical Centers Iraq Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic Adenoma Carcinoma, Papillary Adenocarcinoma Sex Factors Age Factors Goiter Ultrasonography Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis Software Sensitivity and Specificity Confidence Intervals Predictive Value of Tests False Negative Results Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Aged: 65+ years Male Female ab: Background: Goiter is the most prevalent endocrine illness, and it is considered endemic when > 10% of a community has it. The patient may not notice the nodules, which typically form early in endemic goiter and later in sporadic goiter. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the incidence, histopathological subtypes, and risk of thyroid malignancy in patients with goiter, and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ACR TI‐RADS‐guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology (US‐FNAC) using the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology 2023. Patients and Methods: This prospective, cross‐sectional descriptive study recruited patients with goiter in the Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, from January 2020 to December 2024. Clinical and sonographic examinations were performed to confirm the diagnosis. To reduce the possibility of malignancy in goiter, a preoperative UG‐FNAB was performed. Patients underwent surgery; biopsies were analyzed, and histopathological analysis of surgically removed thyroid tissue was performed to determine the goiter type, Bethesda category, and malignancy status. Results: Among 128 diagnosed patients with goiter, 76 (59.4%) were diagnosed with BFN, in which most of them were females (n = 63, 82.9%), with a median age of 36 years. UG‐FNAB indicated colloid goiter in 28 (36.74%) cases, follicular neoplasm/suggestive malignancy in three (3.94%) cases, malignant in seven (9.2%) cases, and inconclusive in 35 (46.1%) cases. Based on the Bethesda Classification (2023), FNAC results indicated that Bethesda Category I (nondiagnostic or unsatisfactory) was more commonly detected (n = 35, 46.1%), followed by Category II (benign) (n = 28, 36.8%), whereas Category III (atypia of undetermined significance) was not detected (n = 0, 0%). Categories IV (follicular neoplasm or suspicious follicular neoplasm) and V (suspicious for malignancy) were found in three cases each (3.94% each), and Category VI (malignant) in seven cases (9.2%). The histopathological analysis found 15 (19.7%) individuals had a TC, including papillary carcinomas (n = 8, 53.3%), follicular carcinomas (n = 4, 26.6%), Hurthle cell carcinomas (n = 2, 13.3%), and anaplastic carcinoma (n = 1, 6.6%). Additionally, patients with BFN were 3.35 times more likely to develop thyroid cancer than those with a solitary thyroid nodule. Conclusions: The incidence of goiter is slightly high among patients in this locality, especially median‐aged females. However, the incidence of TC is low when successfully treated with total thyroidectomy. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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