Towards critical multiplexity in International Relations.

Multiplexity is a promising concept in International Relations (IR) to describe the emerging world order. For Amitav Acharya, a multiplex world is a world of complex interconnectedness and interdependence, with cross-cutting international orders and globalisms led by non-western actors. In a multipl...

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Publicado en:International Affairs Vol. 102; no. 2; pp. 435 - 455
Autores principales: Sundaram, Sasikumar, Parmar, Inderjeet
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Mar2026
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Towards critical multiplexity in International Relations.
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          Sundaram, Sasikumar
          Parmar, Inderjeet
        affil:
          City St George's, University of London, London EC1V 0HB UK
          City St George's, University of London, London EC1V 0HB
      su:
        BRICS countries
        Power (Social sciences)
        International relations
        Neoliberalism
        Developing countries
        International organization
        International relations theory
        Western countries
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          Power (Social sciences)
          International relations
          BRICS countries
          Foreign affairs
          International Affairs
          Neoliberalism
          Developing countries
          International organization
          International relations theory
          Western countries
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        copyrightHolder:The Royal Institute of International Affairs
        copyrightYear:2026
        critical multiplexity
        global governance
        global South politics
        inLanguage:en
        International Relations theory
        publisher:Oxford University Press
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        copyrightHolder:The Royal Institute of International Affairs
        copyrightYear:2026
        critical multiplexity
        global governance
        global South politics
        inLanguage:en
        International Relations theory
        publisher:Oxford University Press
        sameAs:https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaf276
      ab: Multiplexity is a promising concept in International Relations (IR) to describe the emerging world order. For Amitav Acharya, a multiplex world is a world of complex interconnectedness and interdependence, with cross-cutting international orders and globalisms led by non-western actors. In a multiplex world, the West will have 'to negotiate accommodation' with these global South voices and influence 'to salvage aspects of the liberal order'. This article interrogates the theoretical foundations of multiplexity by arguing that its claims of foregrounding the significance of the global South—which is, in turn, democratizing power relations—are problematic. Multiplexity as a concept ends up broadening the basis of oligarchy rather than democratizing power relations and empowering ordinary people. We show how this co-optation dynamic is implicit in the concept of multiplexity, where the deep-rooted commitment to the western neo-liberal ideology remains central. In the post-Second World War context, we use specific empirical examples such as the New International Economic Order, the BRICS and the G20, where the much-trumpeted arrival of a new multiplex world was co-opted by great powers. Ultimately, we call for critical multiplexity. The article synthesizes the insights of Gramscian hegemonic projects and Kautskyian ultra-imperialism, and focuses on the struggles of the people rather than on elite prerogatives. Critical multiplexity is a world that is attentive to the challenges against entrenched political and economic power relations and identity politics, without which multiplexity remains in closer communion with a superficially 'diverse' but still elitist and class-based international order.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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