Is There a Relationship Between Infant and Toddler Speech Discrimination Abilities and Mean Length of Utterance at 33 Months?
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among speech discrimination at 9 months of age, word recognition at 30 months of age, and mean length of utterance in morphemes (MLUm) at 33 months of age among children who are hard of hearing (CHH) and children with normal hearing...
| Published in: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 69; no. 3; pp. 1230 - 1249 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Mar2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=192310475&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 192310475 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10924388 1SM jtl: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research issn: 10924388 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Mar2026 vid: 69 iid: 3 pid: 42 pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association artinfo: ui: 192310475 10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00719 ppf: 1230 ppct: 19 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 3.3MB tig: atl: Is There a Relationship Between Infant and Toddler Speech Discrimination Abilities and Mean Length of Utterance at 33 Months? aug: au: Uhler, Kristin M. Shah, Jinal Gilley, Phillip M. Kaizer, Alex Hunnicutt, Cynthia Madrid, Angela Warner-Czyz, Andrea D. affil: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, University of Colorado Boulder Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson Callier Center for Communication Disorders, Dallas, TX su: Mental health Mothers Communication Sociodemographic factors Hearing Social classes Educational attainment Children Vowels Pearson correlation (Statistics) Grammar Research funding Hearing aids Consonants Fisher exact test Descriptive statistics Mann Whitney U Test Chi-squared test Longitudinal method Mean length of utterance Statistics Speech perception Hearing disorders Regression analysis sug: subj: Mental health Mothers Communication Sociodemographic factors Hearing Social classes Educational attainment Children Medical, Dental, and Hospital Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing Professional machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers All Other Health and Personal Care Stores Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians) Vowels Pearson correlation (Statistics) Grammar Research funding Hearing aids Consonants Fisher exact test Descriptive statistics Mann Whitney U Test Chi-squared test Longitudinal method Mean length of utterance Statistics Speech perception Hearing disorders Regression analysis ab: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among speech discrimination at 9 months of age, word recognition at 30 months of age, and mean length of utterance in morphemes (MLUm) at 33 months of age among children who are hard of hearing (CHH) and children with normal hearing (CNH). This study also explored early sociodemographic and audiological variables that may influence communication outcomes in CHH and CNH. Method: Participants included 18 CNH and 32 CHH with early and well-fit hearing aids (HAs). Measures included speech discrimination in response to vowel and consonant stimuli at 9 months, word recognition at 30 months, and a spontaneous language sample at 33 months. Results: Group-level differences were not observed in speech discrimination or word recognition but emerged for language outcomes. Specifically for language outcomes, CHH had shorter MLUms and produced fewer mental state verbs than CNH. Vowel discrimination and word recognition were related to each other, and word recognition was related to MLUm. Consonant discrimination did not relate to any other variables. Higher MLUm was related to maternal level of education, hearing status, and daily device use. Additionally, daily device use at both 9 and 30 months correlated with word recognition at 30 months. Conclusions: Early auditory measures (speech discrimination and daily device use) relate to later speech recognition and MLUm in young children wearing well-fit HAs. Clinicians should consider these early metrics, as well as spontaneous language samples to capture real-world conversational skills, to identify young CHH at risk for poorer language outcomes. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.31212223 pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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