| Sumario: | This article focuses on the complex interplay between autonomy and prosperity in the Canada–United States relationship, particularly through the lens of environmental and energy diplomacy. It highlights how natural resources have historically shaped bilateral cooperation, with over 50 treaties and agreements addressing shared ecosystems, water management, and energy trade, including landmark accords like the 1909 Boundary Waters Treaty and the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreements. The article emphasizes the asymmetrical nature of the relationship, noting Canada's greater dependence on and investment in managing ties with the U.S., as well as the role of nonbinding "soft law" agreements in facilitating cooperation despite sovereignty concerns. It also discusses how economic growth in Canada has often come at the cost of some sovereignty, reflecting ongoing tensions between national independence and continental integration.
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