Preserve, Pressure, Protect, and Peel: The US–China Rivalry and the Politics of Vaccine Provision.

Lead states compete for influence and followers, and the COVID-19 pandemic served as an important reminder that health aid can be a foreign policy tool. How and to which countries do states distribute aid amidst a global crisis and great power rivalry? This article integrates multiple literatures an...

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Publicado en:International Studies Quarterly Vol. 70; no. 1; pp. 1 - 17
Autor principal: Inouye, Rikio
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Mar2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        au: Inouye, Rikio
        affil: Princeton University, USATemple University, USA
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        United States
        China
        Geopolitics
        International relations
        China-United States relations
        Medical assistance
        Pandemics
        COVID-19
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          Geopolitics
          International relations
          United States
          China
          Foreign affairs
          International Affairs
          China-United States relations
          Medical assistance
          Pandemics
          COVID-19
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        copyrightHolder:International Studies Association
        copyrightYear:2026
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        health diplomacy
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        publisher:Oxford University Press
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        vaccines
        copyrightHolder:International Studies Association
        copyrightYear:2026
        foreign aid
        health diplomacy
        inLanguage:en
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        preserve
        pressure
        protect
        provision
        publisher:Oxford University Press
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        vaccines
      ab: Lead states compete for influence and followers, and the COVID-19 pandemic served as an important reminder that health aid can be a foreign policy tool. How and to which countries do states distribute aid amidst a global crisis and great power rivalry? This article integrates multiple literatures and presents a novel typology of strategies: preserving existing partnerships, pressuring opponents, protecting recipients based on need, and peeling off countries from geopolitical rivals. It analyzes how the US and China distributed life-saving COVID-19 vaccines through 2021-2022. Regression results and Bayesian reasoning of original elite interviews suggest the US approach is characterized by protecting and peeling, while patterns of Chinese distribution suggest a combination of pressuring, preserving, and protecting. Case studies of Paraguay and Nicaragua – historic allies of Taiwan - further support these conclusions. This raises questions regarding the circumstances under which aid provision is instrumental and how rivals compete during global crises.
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