Effect of Brain-Computer Interface-Controlled Ankle Robot Training on Post-Stroke Motor Rehabilitation and Resting QEEG Neuroplasticity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background.: Persistent post-stroke ankle impairment hinders functional recovery. Brain-computer interface (BCI)-controlled ankle robot show rehabilitation potential, but their efficacy and underlying neuroplasticity remain unclear. Objective.: To assess BCI-controlled ankle robot training on post-s...

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Publicado en:Neurorehabilitation & Neural Repair Vol. 40; no. 4; pp. 278 - 291
Autores principales: Zhai, Xiaoxue, Hao, Zexuan, Wang, Xingui, Li, Chong, Cao, Yingyu, Peng, Bo, Qi, Xuewei, Ni, Xueyi, Xie, Ruimou, Dou, Weibei, Pan, Yu
Formato: equations & formulas pictorial research tables/charts randomized controlled trial Journal Article
Publicado: Sage Publications Inc. Apr2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Apr2026
      vid: 40
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      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
      place: Thousand Oaks, California
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        atl: Effect of Brain-Computer Interface-Controlled Ankle Robot Training on Post-Stroke Motor Rehabilitation and Resting QEEG Neuroplasticity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
      aug:
        au:
          Zhai, Xiaoxue
          Hao, Zexuan
          Wang, Xingui
          Li, Chong
          Cao, Yingyu
          Peng, Bo
          Qi, Xuewei
          Ni, Xueyi
          Xie, Ruimou
          Dou, Weibei
          Pan, Yu
        affil: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Stroke Rehabilitation
          Gait Disorders, Neurologic Rehabilitation
          Functional Training Methods
          Robotics Methods
          Brain-Computer Interfaces
          Ankle Joint Physiology
          Lower Extremity Physiology
          Neuronal Plasticity Evaluation
          Recovery Evaluation
          Motor Activity Evaluation
          Motor Skills Evaluation
          Electroencephalography
          Treatment Outcomes
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Rehabilitation Patients
          Stroke Patients
          Inpatients
          China
          Rehabilitation Centers
          Randomized Controlled Trials
          Random Assignment
          Single-Blind Studies
          Comparative Studies
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Unpaired T-Tests
          Fisher's Exact Test
          Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
          Paired T-Tests
          Mann-Whitney U Test
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Analysis of Covariance
          Gait Training
          Biomechanics
          Questionnaires
          Range of Motion
          Activities of Daily Living
          Functional Assessment
          Muscle Strength
          Dorsiflexion
          Plantarflexion
          Muscle Spasticity Prevention and Control
          Functional Connectivity
          Balance, Postural
          Gait Analysis
          Funding Source
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background.: Persistent post-stroke ankle impairment hinders functional recovery. Brain-computer interface (BCI)-controlled ankle robot show rehabilitation potential, but their efficacy and underlying neuroplasticity remain unclear. Objective.: To assess BCI-controlled ankle robot training on post-stroke lower-limb motor recovery and neuroplasticity using quantitative EEG (qEEG). Methods.: Thirty-two stroke patients were randomized to BCI (n = 16, 40-minute BCI-robot training) or control (n = 16, 40-minute ankle-robot training) groups, receiving 5 sessions/week for 2 weeks. Outcomes included Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), active range of motion (AROM), and muscle strength. QEEG assessed the relative power of the delta (rδ), theta (rθ), alpha (rα), beta (rβ) bands, spectral power ratios, pairwise-derived Brain Symmetry Index (pdBSI), and functional connectivity. Results.: Both groups showed significant within-group improvements in dorsiflexion AROM, dorsiflexor strength, FMA-LE, BBS, and FAC (P <.05). The BCI group demonstrated significantly greater FMA-LE improvement than controls (∆FMA-LE, P =.007) and reduced calf spasticity (MAS; P =.038). QEEG analysis in the BCI group revealed decreased rδ (P =.005), increased rα (P =.017), reduced DAR and DTABR (P <.05), reduced interhemispheric asymmetry (pdBSI-δ; P =.018), and enhanced Cz-parietal connectivity in α and β bands (P <.05). Conclusion.: BCI-controlled ankle robot training significantly improved lower-limb motor function and reduced spasticity post-stroke. Associated neurophysiological changes, characterized by reduced slow-wave power and asymmetry, increased alpha power, and functional connectivity, indicated beneficial neuroplastic reorganization. Clinical trial registration number: China Clinical Trail Registry (ChiCTR2300074381; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn).
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        equations & formulas
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        randomized controlled trial
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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