| Sumario: | Objective: to measure nursing professionals' knowledge of safe practices for preventing infections related to the administration of injectable medications in Brazil. Methods: a descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study was conducted between November 2021 and February 2022, using an online survey by applying a validated instrument. Results: among the 781 participants, 724 (92.7%) were from the Southeast region of Brazil, 360 (46.1%) worked in hospitals, and 334 (42.8%) were nurses. The overall average percentage of correct answers was 84.48%. The domain "Disposal of sharps" had the lowest score (25.0%). Knowledge with the lowest correct answer rate refers to the possibility of using vials in more than one patient, provided they do not enter the patient's unit (35.3%), and the nonmandatory nature of antisepsis for intradermal and subcutaneous injections (28.8%). Conclusion: the knowledge profile of nursing and health professionals reveals strengths and weaknesses in relevant aspects associated with the risk of microorganism transmission during the administration of injectables, underscoring the need for educational interventions to promote safe practices in Brazil.
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