Predictors of Retention in a Clinical Trial of a Fentanyl Overdose Prevention Intervention: Implications for Supporting Participants' Retention in Harm Reduction Research.
Background: Structural barriers can pose challenges to retaining people who use drugs in longitudinal research. This study assessed baseline characteristics associated with retention in a year-long clinical trial addressing whether fentanyl test strip provision decreased rates of nonfatal overdose a...
| Published in: | Substance Use & Misuse Vol. 61; no. 5; pp. 645 - 655 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Ltd
2026
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=192503371&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 192503371 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10826084 2VI jtl: Substance Use & Misuse issn: 10826084 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: 2026 vid: 61 iid: 5 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 192503371 188794803 192503371 192503371 10.1080/10826084.2025.2570496 192503371 ppf: 645 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: Predictors of Retention in a Clinical Trial of a Fentanyl Overdose Prevention Intervention: Implications for Supporting Participants' Retention in Harm Reduction Research. aug: au: Goldman, Jacqueline E. Park, Carolyn J. Shaw, Leah C. Noguchi, Julia E. Hadland, Scott E. Marshall, Brandon D.L. affil: Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA. sug: subj: Fentanyl Adverse Effects Substance Abuse Therapy Overdose Prevention and Control Harm Reduction Clinical Trials Research Subject Retention Evaluation Human Male Female Adult Middle Age Bivariate Statistics Multivariate Analysis Multiple Logistic Regression Odds Ratio Confidence Intervals Chi Square Test Fisher's Exact Test Kruskal-Wallis Test Regression Patient Compliance Sex Factors Stigma Incarceration Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Male Female ab: Background: Structural barriers can pose challenges to retaining people who use drugs in longitudinal research. This study assessed baseline characteristics associated with retention in a year-long clinical trial addressing whether fentanyl test strip provision decreased rates of nonfatal overdose among people who use drugs. Methods: From September 2020 to February 2023, 505 participants enrolled in the year-long RAPIDS clinical trial. Outcome visits were completed at 6 and 12 months following enrollment. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to assess baseline characteristics associated with the completion of none, one, or both study outcome assessments. We used multinomial logistic regression to identify statistically significant baseline predictors of retention in the RAPIDS trial. Results: Among eligible participants, 41.6% (n = 210) only completed a baseline assessment, 23.4% (n = 118) completed one outcome visit, and 35.0% (n = 177) completed both. In the final multinomial logistic regression model, women were more likely to complete both outcome visits compared to men (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.08–2.62), while participants with a history of drug selling were less likely to complete two visits (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39–0.98). Conclusions: Study results challenge stigmatizing beliefs about the impact of sociodemographic and drug use-related characteristics on retention in longitudinal research. Retention strategies that target men and people who sell drugs are needed. Investigators can collect multiple pieces of contact information, have monthly check-ins with participants, and partner with community organizations to make research more accessible and acceptable to structurally vulnerable populations. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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