Bridging the Gap Between Rehabilitation and Return to Work: A Qualitative Evaluation of a Workplace Intervention for Low Back Pain.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) can lead to disability and sick leave, impacting work participation and overall health. Given the complex and multifactorial nature of LBP, Belgium's Federal Agency for Occupational Risks (FEDRIS) promotes a secondary prevention strategy for LBP among workers engaged...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation Vol. 36; no. 2; pp. 534 - 549
Main Authors: Bernaers, Lisa, Willems, Tine Marieke, Rusu, Dorina, Demoulin, Christophe, Van de Velde, Dominique, Braeckman, Lutgart
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Springer Nature Jun2026
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=193142168&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 193142168
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        10530487
        JOR
      jtl: Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation
      issn: 10530487
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jun2026
      vid: 36
      iid: 2
      pid: 237
      pub: Springer Nature
      place: New York, New York
    artinfo:
      ui:
        193142168
        184991655
        193142168
        193142168
        10.1007/s10926-025-10295-2
        193142168
      ppf: 534
      ppct: 15
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
      tig:
        atl: Bridging the Gap Between Rehabilitation and Return to Work: A Qualitative Evaluation of a Workplace Intervention for Low Back Pain.
      aug:
        au:
          Bernaers, Lisa
          Willems, Tine Marieke
          Rusu, Dorina
          Demoulin, Christophe
          Van de Velde, Dominique
          Braeckman, Lutgart
        affil: https://ror.org/00cv9y106 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Campus Heymans (UZ) 3B3, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
      sug:
        subj:
          Low Back Pain Rehabilitation
          Job Re-Entry
          Work Environment
          Rehabilitation, Vocational
          Ergonomics
          Program Evaluation
          Funding Source
          Belgium
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Qualitative Studies
          Multicenter Studies
          Rehabilitation Centers
          Focus Groups
          Semi-Structured Interview
          Audiorecording
          Videorecording
          Thematic Analysis
          Data Analysis Software
          Descriptive Statistics
          Job Security
          Fear
          Employer-Employee Relations
          Communication
          Work Engagement
          Collaboration
          Biofeedback
          Commitment
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background: Low back pain (LBP) can lead to disability and sick leave, impacting work participation and overall health. Given the complex and multifactorial nature of LBP, Belgium's Federal Agency for Occupational Risks (FEDRIS) promotes a secondary prevention strategy for LBP among workers engaged in ergonomically demanding tasks. This strategy includes multidisciplinary-based rehabilitation and an optional workplace intervention (WPI), initiated upon employer request. The WPI component consists of a half-day ergonomic risk analysis at the workplace conducted by an external occupational health service. This paper is one of two parallel qualitative studies that explored the experiences and perspectives of employees and healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the secondary prevention program. The current study focuses on the optional WPI, aiming to identify its strengths, challenges, and potential solutions. Methods: Between April 2022 and April 2023, six multicenter semistructured focus groups were held with 15 employees (2015–2019 program participants) and 24 HCPs (including external ergonomists) recruited from 11 Belgian rehabilitation centers and hospitals. Sessions were organized as employee-only, HCP-only, or mixed groups. All the interviews were anonymized, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed inductively via thematic analysis, with validation through data triangulation, intercoder checks, and participant feedback. Results: The analysis reveals strengths, challenges, and solutions associated with the WPI before, during, and after implementation. Before the intervention, some HCPs recognized the WPIs' benefits, but limited awareness, employer hesitancy, practicality concerns, and job security fears presumably contributed to low application rates. The proposed solutions include proactive communication, streamlined processes, and enhanced employer engagement. During implementation, strengths included improved employee engagement and interdisciplinary collaboration, but challenges related to limited integration and timing affected effectiveness. Early ergonomic assessments and better communication are suggested. After the intervention, inconsistent feedback hindered sustainability, highlighting the need for systematic follow-up and stronger organizational commitment. Conclusions: The WPI provides some tangible benefits for sustainable return to work in Belgium's secondary prevention strategy for LBP, yet a few gaps remain. Low employer awareness, application hesitancy, and inconsistent follow-up hinder effective implementation. Equally, interdisciplinary collaboration and proactive ergonomic assessments are considered strengths of the WPI. Involving all key stakeholders emerges as critical for addressing practical concerns and ensuring ongoing support. Future refinements should prioritize streamlined processes, early-stage interventions, and consistent feedback.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N