Enhancing a job exposure matrix with subject-specific information to assess combined exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene in a case-control study.
Objectives We modified an existing job-exposure matrix (CANJEM) to estimate the combined exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene, which are highly correlated (hereafter, BTX), and integrated subject-specific occupational information to assess BTX exposure for participants in a bladder cancer case-c...
| Publicado en: | Annals of Work Exposures & Health Vol. 70; no. 3; pp. 1 - 14 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Oxford University Press / USA
Apr2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=193414259&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 193414259 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 23987308 KJ1E jtl: Annals of Work Exposures & Health issn: 23987308 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2026 vid: 70 iid: 3 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 193414259 193414259 193414259 10.1093/annweh/wxag014 193414259 ppf: 1 ppct: 13 formats: tig: atl: Enhancing a job exposure matrix with subject-specific information to assess combined exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene in a case-control study. aug: au: Friesen, Melissa C Xie, Shuai Locke, Sarah J Baris, Dalsu Schwenn, Molly Rothman, Nathaniel Johnson, Alison Karagas, Margaret R Koutros, Stella Silverman, Debra T affil: Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9776, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States sug: subj: Occupational Exposure Adverse Effects Toluene Analysis Benzene Derivatives Analysis Occupational Exposure Analysis Hydrocarbons, Aromatic Analysis Bladder Neoplasms Environmental Monitoring Risk Assessment Human Case Control Studies Funding Source Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient Descriptive Statistics Adult Middle Age Aged Male Female Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Aged: 65+ years Male Female ab: Objectives We modified an existing job-exposure matrix (CANJEM) to estimate the combined exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene, which are highly correlated (hereafter, BTX), and integrated subject-specific occupational information to assess BTX exposure for participants in a bladder cancer case-control study. Methods We linked CANJEM to the lifetime occupational histories of subjects in a population-based case-control study of bladder cancer. We derived CANJEM-based estimates of the probability, intensity, and frequency of BTX exposure by assigning the highest rating observed among the benzene, toluene, and xylene CANJEM metrics. We used subject-specific exposure information in the occupational histories and exposure-oriented modules to refine the CANJEM-based BTX metrics when confirmatory exposure information was identified (hereafter, hybrid BTX metrics). We compared agreement between the CANJEM-based and hybrid BTX metrics at the job- and subject-level using kappa for the ordinal probability metrics and Spearman correlation for the continuous intensity and cumulative exposure metrics. Results The hybrid BTX approach increased 7% and decreased 5% of the CANJEM-based BTX probability ratings at the job-level and 16% and 7% at the subject-level, respectively. The CANJEM-based and hybrid BTX metrics identified 3.2% and 6.8% of the job records and 13% and 24% of the subjects as having a high probability of BTX exposure, respectively. The BTX-exposed subjects identified through the hybrid approach generally had lower cumulative exposures than those identified solely using CANJEM. CANJEM-based and hybrid BTX metrics had moderate agreement at the subject-level (probability: kappa = 0.62; cumulative metrics, Spearman correlation = 0.61). Conclusions Supplementing a JEM with subject-specific exposure information identified within-job exposure heterogeneity that was not captured by using only a JEM. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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