Clinical Subtypes of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Among Chinese College Students: A Latent Class Analysis.
Objective: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is highly prevalent among women of reproductive age. However, the heterogeneity and complexity of PMDD symptoms present considerable challenges for accurate diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the heterogeneity of symptoms among Chinese female...
| Published in: | Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Vol. 2026; pp. 1 - 10 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Wiley-Blackwell
5/15/2026
|
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=193814381&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 193814381 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 00315990 22L jtl: Perspectives in Psychiatric Care issn: 00315990 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: 5/15/2026 vid: 2026 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell place: Malden, Massachusetts artinfo: ui: 193814381 193814381 193814381 10.1155/ppc/5276137 193814381 ppf: 1 ppct: 9 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: C – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Clinical Subtypes of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Among Chinese College Students: A Latent Class Analysis. aug: au: Sun, Yu Huang, Shanyi Chen, Ying Zhang, Qiao Zhang, Yuqun Bhardwaj, Parth affil: Health Care Clinic,, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,, Nanjing, China, njucm.edu.cn sug: subj: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Classification Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Psychosocial Factors Students, College Psychosocial Factors Chinese Persons Psychosocial Factors Women Psychosocial Factors Symptoms Classification Human Funding Source Female Cross Sectional Studies Surveys Students, Undergraduate Young Adult Coefficient alpha Test-Retest Reliability Pearson's Correlation Coefficient Summated Rating Scaling Questionnaires Scales Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis Software T-Tests One-Way Analysis of Variance Chi Square Test Post Hoc Analysis Structural Equation Modeling Emotional Lability Anxiety Fatigue Bloat Pain Dysmenorrhea Prevalence Female ab: Objective: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is highly prevalent among women of reproductive age. However, the heterogeneity and complexity of PMDD symptoms present considerable challenges for accurate diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the heterogeneity of symptoms among Chinese female college students to identify clinical subtypes based on PMDD symptomatology. Methods: A total of 669 Chinese female college students participated in the study and were assessed using a standardized set of questionnaires, including the Chinese version of CTDP‐DSM‐5 (CTDP‐C), the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9), and the General Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7). A total of 218 participants were identified as PMDD‐positive based on the Chinese version of the CTDP‐DSM‐5. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted on the CTDP‐C scores of the 218 participants diagnosed with PMDD to empirically evaluate the validity of proposed PMDD subtype classifications. Results: LCA identified two distinct phenotypic subtypes of PMDD. Class 1 (severe subtype; mean CTDP‐C score = 8.78) was characterized by a range of comorbid psychological symptoms (e.g., emotional lability, irritability, and anxiety) as well as physical manifestations (e.g., fatigue, bloating, and pain). In contrast, Class 2 (mild subtype; mean CTDP‐C score = 1.52) exhibited attenuated and atypical symptoms. Notably, significant differences were observed between the two classes in 90% of the CTDP‐C items (p < 0.001). Physical comorbidities, especially dysmenorrhea (p < 0.001), were identified as key contributing factors, suggesting potential shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Conclusions: Two distinct subtypes of PMDD were identified: one characterized by severe symptoms and the other by milder manifestations, with either psychological or physical symptoms predominating, or a combination of both. Further investigation into the heterogeneity of PMDD is crucial to delineate more distinct phenotypes, which will facilitate advancements in future biological and genetic research. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|