Delphi Validation of a Pain Management e-Learning Module for Critical Care Nurses in Saudi Arabia.
Background: Critical care nurses play a central role in pain management; however, persistent knowledge and competency gaps continue to affect patient outcomes globally, including in Saudi Arabia. Despite the growing adoption of e-learning in nursing education, no context-specific, expert-validated m...
| Publicado en: | Nurse Media Journal of Nursing Vol. 16; no. 1; pp. 152 - 168 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
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Diponegoro University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing
Apr2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=194146798&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 194146798 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 20877811 LF9J jtl: Nurse Media Journal of Nursing issn: 20877811 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2026 vid: 16 iid: 1 pid: 46697 pub: Diponegoro University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing artinfo: ui: 194146798 194146798 194146798 10.14710/nmjn.v16i1.81024 194146798 ppf: 152 ppct: 16 formats: tig: atl: Delphi Validation of a Pain Management e-Learning Module for Critical Care Nurses in Saudi Arabia. aug: au: Almutairi, Abeer Said, Faridah Mohd affil: Faculty of Nursing, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia sug: subj: Critical Care Nurses Education Pain Management Education Online Education Learning Methods Clinical Competence Education, Nursing Program Development Content Validity Primary Health Care Saudi Arabia Critical Care Nursing Education Human Saudi Arabia Delphi Technique Needs Assessment Focus Groups Multidisciplinary Care Team Questionnaires Models, Educational Purposive Sample Descriptive Statistics Multimethod Studies Summated Rating Scaling ab: Background: Critical care nurses play a central role in pain management; however, persistent knowledge and competency gaps continue to affect patient outcomes globally, including in Saudi Arabia. Despite the growing adoption of e-learning in nursing education, no context-specific, expert-validated module exists for critical care pain management in this context. Purpose: This study aimed to develop and content-validate a context-specific e-learning module on pain management to enhance critical-care nurses' competency in a regional health cluster in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A three-round modified Delphi technique was employed. An initial needs assessment was conducted through a literature review and expert focus group input. It was then refined over three rounds with a panel of five multidisciplinary critical care specialists with 7 to 23 years of experience. Experts rated content relevance on a four-point scale. Content validity was assessed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and the Content Validity Index (CVI), with retention thresholds set at CVR ≥ 0.99 and I-CVI ≥ 0.80. Results: The Delphi process achieved 100% of retention across all rounds. Of the 25 initial content items, 24 met the CVR and I-CVI cutoffs (CVR = 1.00, I-CVI = 1.00) and were retained. One item, "Non-pharmacological interventions" (CVR = 0.60), was excluded. The final curriculum comprised six modules totaling 2.5 hours, covering pain basics and assessment; clinical aspects of pain; pharmacological management; interdisciplinary practice; case-based application; and assessment of knowledge and skills. New items suggested by the experts and included in the final curriculum were risk stratification, complication monitoring, and documentation protocols. The final scale-level CVI was 1.00. Conclusion: This Delphi study produced an expert- and content-validated e-learning module on critical care pain management. Although strong content validity was established, the small panel size and single-region representation limit generalizability. Following pilot testing and outcome evaluation, this e-module could be used as an effective educational intervention to improve knowledge and potentially clinical practice related to pain management. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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