Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.

This research aimed to establish whether 12 weeks of bicycle-riding skills exercises with massed and distributed practice frequency at low and high intensity affect communication performance and stereotyped behavior among adolescent boys with autism. Fifty autistic boys aged 13.3 ± 1.32 years partic...

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Publicado en:Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders Vol. 56; no. 6; pp. 2273 - 2282
Autores principales: Arsham, Saeed, Mirzaei, Maalek, Domingos, Christophe
Formato: clinical trial equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Springer Nature Jun2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2026
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        atl: Bike-Riding Training may Improve Communication Skills and Stereotyped Behavior in Adolescents With Autism.
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          Arsham, Saeed
          Mirzaei, Maalek
          Domingos, Christophe
        affil: https://ror.org/05hsgex59 Department of Motor Behavior, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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          Autism Spectrum Disorder Rehabilitation
          Communication Skills
          Adolescent Behavior
          Cycling
          Therapeutic Exercise
          Training Effect (Physiology)
          Men Psychosocial Factors
          Exercise Intensity Evaluation
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          Motor Skills
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          Heart Rate Evaluation
          Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design
          Nonparametric Statistics
          Kruskal-Wallis Test
          Analysis of Covariance
          Adolescent Development
          Quasi-Experimental Studies
          Clinical Trials
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          Descriptive Statistics
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          Child: 6-12 years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
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      ab: This research aimed to establish whether 12 weeks of bicycle-riding skills exercises with massed and distributed practice frequency at low and high intensity affect communication performance and stereotyped behavior among adolescent boys with autism. Fifty autistic boys aged 13.3 ± 1.32 years participated in the study. The participants were divided into homogeneous experimental groups (N = 10) with dissimilar training frequencies and intensities, along with a control group. Pre-tests using the GARS-2 test were administered to assess stereotyped behavior and communication skills, followed by post-tests and a one-month follow-up. Non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and ANCOVA results at a significance level of 0.05 showed that there was a significant difference in the post-test of stereotyped behavior and communication skills (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) and follow-up test one month later (p = 0.003, p = 0.048, respectively) between the intervention and control groups after performing bike riding skills exercises with low and high intensities and frequencies (one and three sessions per week). Regardless of the intensity and frequency, bike riding skills training during the critical period of adolescence can significantly reduce stereotyped behaviors and enhance communication skills, which can also support positive development in other domains for individuals with autism.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        clinical trial
        equations & formulas
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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