Building Bridges Between Computational Methods and Human Translation: An English to Brazilian Portuguese Application of Machine Translation in the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Psychological and Health-Related Assessments.

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of machine translation (MT) in both forward (English to Brazilian Portuguese) and backward translation (Brazilian Portuguese to English) of psychological and health-related assessments. The quality of the translations was assessed using the COMET (Crossl...

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Published in:Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol. 57; no. 5; pp. 829 - 846
Main Authors: Albuquerque, Maicon Rodrigues, Souza, Renan Pedra de, Miranda, Débora Marques de, Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio
Format: Article
Published: Sage Publications Inc. Jul2026
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jul2026
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      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
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        atl: Building Bridges Between Computational Methods and Human Translation: An English to Brazilian Portuguese Application of Machine Translation in the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Psychological and Health-Related Assessments.
      aug:
        au:
          Albuquerque, Maicon Rodrigues
          Souza, Renan Pedra de
          Miranda, Débora Marques de
          Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio
        affil:
          Neurosciences of Physical Activity and Sports Research Group, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Brazil
          Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Laboratório de Biologia Integrativa, Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioestatística e Epidemiologia Molecular, Brazil
          Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Minas Gerais, Brazil
          Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
          Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Brazil
      su:
        Brazil
        Self-evaluation
        Health status indicators
        Compulsive behavior
        Artificial intelligence
        Parenting
        Quantitative research
        Impulsive personality
        Psychometrics
        Psychological tests
        Authority
        Activities of daily living
        Diagnosis of eating disorders
        Secondary analysis
        Research funding
        Smartphones
        High performance computing
        Questionnaires
        Research methodology evaluation
        Pilot projects
        Descriptive statistics
        Structural equation modeling
        Research methodology
        Research
        Deep learning
        Data analysis software
        Comparative studies
      sug:
        subj:
          Self-evaluation
          Health status indicators
          Compulsive behavior
          Artificial intelligence
          Parenting
          Quantitative research
          Impulsive personality
          Psychometrics
          Psychological tests
          Authority
          Activities of daily living
          Brazil
          Diagnosis of eating disorders
          Secondary analysis
          Research funding
          Smartphones
          High performance computing
          Questionnaires
          Research methodology evaluation
          Pilot projects
          Descriptive statistics
          Structural equation modeling
          Research methodology
          Research
          Deep learning
          Data analysis software
          Comparative studies
      keyword:
        computational approach
        cross-cultural validation
        quantitative assessment
        translation
        computational approach
        cross-cultural validation
        quantitative assessment
        translation
      ab: The present study evaluated the effectiveness of machine translation (MT) in both forward (English to Brazilian Portuguese) and backward translation (Brazilian Portuguese to English) of psychological and health-related assessments. The quality of the translations was assessed using the COMET (Crosslingual Optimized Metric for Evaluation of Translation) metric, and statistical modeling was performed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). In forward translation, COMET scores from DeepL (β = 0.0020, p = 0.667), OpenAI (β = 0.0041, p = 0.256), and Widn.AI (β = 0.0027, p = 0.505) showed no statistically significant differences from human outputs, whereas, Azure (β = −0.0143, p = 0.024) showed statistically significant underperformance. W-ADL and SCOFF showed lower scores, often below the 0.940 threshold, suggesting greater cultural adaptation demands. In back-translation, DeepL (β = −0.000075, p = 0.965), OpenAI (β = −0.0002, p = 0.883), and Widn.AI (β = −0.0047, p = 0.227) matched human performance, but Azure again underperformed (β = −0.0103, p = 0.013). Lower COMET scores were observed for SPAI, PSDQ, BIS-11, W-ADL, and SCOFF compared to DII (all p < 0.05). Despite this, the overall quality of back-translation remained high. Overall, COMET appears to be a robust metric for evaluating semantic fidelity in both directions, particularly in back-translation when the original version serves as a reference. These results support the integration of MT into cross-cultural adaptation approaches, suggesting that this approach is not a replacement but a supportive tool that enhances translation efficiency while maintaining the indispensable role of human expert judgment.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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