Deciphering the Structure–Immunomodulatory Function Relationships of Homopolysaccharides.

Natural homopolysaccharides (HoPSs), composed of a single monosaccharide type, are increasingly recognized as bioactive macronutrients with broad relevance to nutrition and health. This review summarizes the extraction, structural characterization, and structure-immunomodulatory activity relationshi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Nutrients Vol. 18; no. 11; pp. 1782 - 1807
Autores principales: Hu, Gege, Yang, Bingyu, Song, Han, Zeng, Yuehan, Zhang, Zhuoting, Li, Yuwen, Zhang, Jian, Wang, Fenghuan
Formato: pictorial review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: MDPI Jun2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=194587477&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 194587477
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        20726643
        B0TT
      jtl: Nutrients
      issn: 20726643
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jun2026
      vid: 18
      iid: 11
      pid: 97109
      pub: MDPI
    artinfo:
      ui:
        194587477
        194587477
        194587477
        10.3390/nu18111782
        194587477
      ppf: 1782
      ppct: 25
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Deciphering the Structure–Immunomodulatory Function Relationships of Homopolysaccharides.
      aug:
        au:
          Hu, Gege
          Yang, Bingyu
          Song, Han
          Zeng, Yuehan
          Zhang, Zhuoting
          Li, Yuwen
          Zhang, Jian
          Wang, Fenghuan
        affil: School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Immune System Physiopathology
          Polysaccharides Pharmacodynamics
          Polysaccharides Analysis
          Molecular Structure
          Chemical Phenomena
          Carbohydrates Analysis
          Glycosides Analysis
          Monosaccharides Analysis
          Biological Products
          Signal Transduction
          Nutrition
          Allergy and Immunology
          NF-kappa B
          Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
          Gut Microbiota
          Metabolites
          Molecular Biology
      ab: Natural homopolysaccharides (HoPSs), composed of a single monosaccharide type, are increasingly recognized as bioactive macronutrients with broad relevance to nutrition and health. This review summarizes the extraction, structural characterization, and structure-immunomodulatory activity relationships of HoPSs. Drawing on a comprehensive synthesis of existing studies, we integrate current knowledge into a unified hierarchical framework of HoPS structure–function relationships. This framework organizes the literature into three hierarchical levels, including primary structural recognition, mid-level regulatory mechanisms, and functional refinement, while integrating key determinants such as molecular weight, glycosidic linkages, chain conformation, branching, and chemical modifications. By bridging structural glycomics and nutritional immunology, this framework synthesizes current evidence and provides a structured reference for future investigations. HoPSs exert well-established anti-infection and anti-inflammatory effects, alongside important nutritional and metabolic benefits. These outcomes are supported by evidence from cellular receptor signaling (e.g., TLRs, Dectin-1; NF-κB, MAPK pathways), gut microbiota remodeling, and metabolite network interactions. Finally, we discuss current research gaps, particularly in fine structural analysis and multidimensional mechanistic studies, and propose future directions based on precise structural elucidation, multidimensional structure–activity relationship modeling, and interdisciplinary integration. This review aims to bridge structural glycomics with human nutritional immunology, providing a theoretical basis for the structural optimization, immune activity enhancement, and functional food development of natural HoPSs to promote their industrial application in medicine, nutrition, and health.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N