The Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Ethical Foundations, Legal Challenges, and Implementation Realities.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare across diagnostics, decision-making, and clinical workflows, yet its integration raises complex ethical, legal, and operational challenges. This narrative review synthesizes three traditionally fragmented domains: Ethical principles, legal acco...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Lokman Hekim Health Sciences Vol. 6; no. 2; pp. 372 - 383
Autor principal: Yılmaz, Mahmut
Formato: review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: KARE Publishing Jun2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=194639963&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 194639963
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        27917835
        N1MV
      jtl: Lokman Hekim Health Sciences
      issn: 27917835
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jun2026
      vid: 6
      iid: 2
      pid: 62027
      pub: KARE Publishing
    artinfo:
      ui:
        194639963
        194639963
        194639963
        10.14744/lhhs.2026.37118
        194639963
      ppf: 372
      ppct: 11
      formats:
        fmt:
          @attributes:
            type: P
      tig:
        atl: The Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Ethical Foundations, Legal Challenges, and Implementation Realities.
      aug:
        au: Yılmaz, Mahmut
        affil: Department of Intensive Care, İzmir City Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial Intelligence Legislation and Jurisprudence
          Artificial Intelligence Ethical Issues
          Clinical Governance
          Health Care Delivery
          Implementation Science
          Health Care Reform
          Liability, Legal
          Medical Informatics
          Privacy and Confidentiality
          Rules and Regulations
          Health Policy
          Data Security
          Accountability
          Decision Making, Ethical
          Organizational Objectives
          Organizational Policies
          Turkiye
          Organizational Efficiency
          Diagnosis, Computer Assisted
          Workflow
      ab: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare across diagnostics, decision-making, and clinical workflows, yet its integration raises complex ethical, legal, and operational challenges. This narrative review synthesizes three traditionally fragmented domains: Ethical principles, legal accountability, and implementation realities. We draw on literature from major databases alongside regulatory frameworks, including the World Health Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the European Union (EU), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the International Medical Device Regulators Forum, and examine Türkiye's policies (e.g., Personal Data Protection Law No. 6698) to provide a middle-income country perspective. This review makes three contributions. First, we reconceptualize core bioethical principles - autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice - in AI-mediated settings, emphasizing transparency, human oversight, and equity-sensitive design. Second, we frame legal accountability as a distributed system involving developers, institutions, and clinicians. Third, we bridge theory and practice through real-world cases (sepsis prediction vs. proprietary algorithms) and propose an integrated lifecycle governance model. Comparative analysis of the EU AI Act, FDA's 2026 guidance, and Türkiye's regulatory landscape shows convergence toward risk-based governance, alongside persistent gaps, particularly in middle-income settings. Responsible AI governance requires not only regulatory compliance but also continuous evaluation, transparency, and human-centered oversight. Despite global convergence on high-level principles, significant gaps remain in translating these into enforceable mechanisms and clinical practice. Future research should prioritize empirically validated governance models that ensure AI augments - rather than undermines - clinical judgment and patient trust.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N