| Sumario: | Based on Complementary Learning Systems theory, this study used a semantic priming lexical decision task following recent or remote learning in single or diverse contexts to examine novel word semantic integration via ERPs and representational similarity analysis (RSA). Behavioral results showed stronger priming for diverse contexts at recent testing, an effect absent after consolidation. Target-word (existing words) N400 revealed semantic priming at recent testing for diverse contexts but only at remote testing for single-contexts. Prime (novel words)-elicited N400 was more negative at recent than remote testing, especially for single-contexts. RSA showed higher representational similarity at remote testing in early time windows (140–198 ms and 224–246 ms), indicating offline consolidation enhanced early neural stability. In contrast, diverse contexts increased similarity in later time windows (236–294 ms), reflecting richer semantic associations. Findings suggest contextual diversity and offline consolidation support semantic integration through temporally distinct but complementary mechanisms.
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