Binational Analysis of Maternal Mortality Between Brazil and Portugal in 2020–2023: A Population-Based Epidemiological Study.
Background/Objectives: Maternal mortality remains an important indicator of health inequities, reflecting social, regional, and racial inequalities, as well as the responsiveness of health systems. This study aimed to analyze and compare maternal mortality between Brazil and Portugal from 2020 to 20...
| Published in: | Nursing Reports Vol. 16; no. 6; pp. 185 - 206 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
MDPI
Jun2026
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=194909402&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 194909402 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 2039439X EGNT jtl: Nursing Reports issn: 2039439X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jun2026 vid: 16 iid: 6 pid: 97109 pub: MDPI artinfo: ui: 194909402 194909402 194909402 10.3390/nursrep16060185 194909402 ppf: 185 ppct: 21 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Binational Analysis of Maternal Mortality Between Brazil and Portugal in 2020–2023: A Population-Based Epidemiological Study. aug: au: Gonçalves dos Santos, Gustavo Silva, Mónica Alexandra Pinho da Guerra, Maria João Jacinto das Neves Carvalho, Júlia Maria da Fonseca Dias, Ana Cristina Ribeiro Bettencourt, Maria Luísa Santos Oliveira, Cely de Feichas Renó, Bruna Tramontina Cerqueira, Eneida Rocha de Almeida Farias, Katucha affil: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Guarulhos (UnG), Guarulhos 07023-070, SP, Brazil sug: subj: Maternal Mortality Epidemiology Maternal Mortality Epidemiology Health Inequities Evaluation Health Systems Agencies COVID-19 Complications Maternal Mortality Trends Maternal Mortality Trends Sociodemographic Factors Evaluation Brazil Portugal Human Female Adolescence Adult Middle Age Aged Descriptive Statistics Nonexperimental Studies Poisson Distribution Confidence Intervals Incidence Pearson's Correlation Coefficient Chi Square Test Sensitivity and Specificity Data Analysis Software Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Aged: 65+ years Female ab: Background/Objectives: Maternal mortality remains an important indicator of health inequities, reflecting social, regional, and racial inequalities, as well as the responsiveness of health systems. This study aimed to analyze and compare maternal mortality between Brazil and Portugal from 2020 to 2023. Methods: This is a binational ecological and observational study based on secondary data from official records of live births and maternal deaths in both countries. Maternal mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 live births and stratified by sociodemographic and regional variables. Poisson regression models offset by the logarithm of live births were used to estimate adjusted incidence ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals. Analyses were conducted using R and Stata software. Results: Brazil presented rates between 55 and 62 per 100,000 live births, while Portugal maintained lower values, ranging from 8 to 20 per 100,000. In Brazil, higher risks were observed among Black and Indigenous women, residents of the North and Northeast regions, and in age groups above 30 years. Direct and indirect causes showed similar proportions, with an increase in indirect causes during the pandemic. In Portugal, mortality showed low magnitude, but annual fluctuation was attributed to the small number of events and the limitation of microdata. Conclusions: The study highlights strong structural and racial inequalities in Brazilian maternal mortality, contrasting with the lower magnitude and greater stability observed in Portugal. This reinforces the need for intersectoral actions, strengthening the obstetric network, and continuous surveillance to reduce preventable deaths and promote equity in maternal care. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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