Ergonomic Solutions for Referee Mistakes: A Visual Assessment of the Environment in Boxing Competitions.

Background: This study examines whether transparent boxing ring ropes increase referees' visual access and improve scoring accuracy and consistency. Purpose: In total, 25 certified international referees, (20 scoring judges and 5 supervisory officials) who were judging matches between the same athle...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Perceptual & Motor Skills Vol. 133; no. 4; pp. 1099 - 1119
Autores principales: Uca, Merve, Ayvaz, Ednan, Yıldız, Zafer
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Sage Publications Inc. Aug2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=194971908&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 194971908
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        00315125
        PSK
      jtl: Perceptual & Motor Skills
      issn: 00315125
      maglogo: Y
    pubinfo:
      dt: Aug2026
      vid: 133
      iid: 4
      pid: 344
      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
    artinfo:
      ui:
        194971908
        10.1177/00315125251379145
      ppf: 1099
      ppct: 20
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Ergonomic Solutions for Referee Mistakes: A Visual Assessment of the Environment in Boxing Competitions.
      aug:
        au:
          Uca, Merve
          Ayvaz, Ednan
          Yıldız, Zafer
        affil:
          Department of Coaching Training, School of Physical Education and Sports, İstanbul Nişantaşı University, İstanbul, Turkey
          Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
          Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
      su:
        Ergonomics
        Task performance
        Decision making
        Boxing
        Data analysis
        T-test (Statistics)
        Product design
        Descriptive statistics
        Experimental design
        Sports events
        Amateur athletes
        One-way analysis of variance
        Statistics
        Visual perception
        Comparative studies
        Athletic ability
        Data analysis software
        Video recording
      sug:
        subj:
          Ergonomics
          Task performance
          Decision making
          Industrial Design Services
          Sports stadiums and other presenters with facilities
          Promoters of Performing Arts, Sports, and Similar Events with Facilities
          Other Spectator Sports
          Boxing
          Data analysis
          T-test (Statistics)
          Product design
          Descriptive statistics
          Experimental design
          Sports events
          Amateur athletes
          One-way analysis of variance
          Statistics
          Visual perception
          Comparative studies
          Athletic ability
          Data analysis software
          Video recording
      keyword:
        decision-making accuracy
        equipment design
        performance accuracy of boxing referees
        visual attention
        visual ergonomics
        visual perception
        decision-making accuracy
        equipment design
        performance accuracy of boxing referees
        visual attention
        visual ergonomics
        visual perception
      ab: Background: This study examines whether transparent boxing ring ropes increase referees' visual access and improve scoring accuracy and consistency. Purpose: In total, 25 certified international referees, (20 scoring judges and 5 supervisory officials) who were judging matches between the same athletes in both traditional and transparent roped rings, participated in the study. Research Design: Scoring was conducted according to five predefined zones (A–E) of the boxing ring using a counterbalanced experimental design. Study Sample: A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant scoring discrepancy in Zone D under the traditional-rope condition (F(5, 90) = 2.442, p =.040). Dunnett's post-hoc test showed that one referee's scores significantly diverged from the video-based reference scores established via multi-angle review (p = 0.007), while no such discrepancies were observed in the transparent rope setting. Data Collection and/or Analysis: Independent samples t-tests indicated that there were significantly higher, more consistent scores across all zones when transparent ropes were used (all p <.05; Cohen's d = 0.36–0.50). Results: On average, referees awarded between 1.2 and 1.5 more points per scoring zone when using transparent ropes compared to traditional ropes, indicating a meaningful practical improvement. Conclusions: These results suggest that by increasing visual access, transparent boxing ring ropes reduce scoring inconsistency and increase decision accuracy. Transparent boxing ring ropes may represent a cost-effective and easily implemented design innovation to improve the quality of boxing refereeing. Future studies should evaluate the long-term effects of transparent boxing ring ropes and include referees with varying levels of experience in real-time competition environments.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N