Overall and cause-specific mortality and associated risk factors among middle-aged and older South Africans: findings from the health and ageing in Africa: a longitudinal study of an INDEPTH community in rural South Africa (HAALSI).
Background Assessing mortality levels, causes of death and associated risk factors is critical for strengthening health systems and guiding targeted health interventions. We examined overall and cause-specific mortality and their associated risk factors among middle-aged and older adults in a rural,...
| Publicado en: | Age & Ageing Vol. 55; no. 6; pp. 1 - 12 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Oxford University Press / USA
Jun2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=195099725&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 195099725 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00020729 AGA jtl: Age & Ageing issn: 00020729 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jun2026 vid: 55 iid: 6 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 195099725 10.1093/ageing/afag177 ppf: 1 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Overall and cause-specific mortality and associated risk factors among middle-aged and older South Africans: findings from the health and ageing in Africa: a longitudinal study of an INDEPTH community in rural South Africa (HAALSI). aug: au: Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson Njiro, Belinda J Sibanda, Morelearnings Chirwa, Tobias Houle, Brian Ohene-Kwofie, Daniel Ginsburg, Carren Gaziano, Thomas Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier Kahn, Kathleen affil: SAMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South AfricaNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UKLi Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK SAMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa SAMRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South AfricaSchool of Demography, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of AmericaHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America su: South Africa Communicable diseases Health status indicators Sex distribution Smoking Hypertension Causes of death Age distribution Rural population Alcohol drinking Stroke Educational attainment Activities of daily living Diabetes AIDS Mortality risk factors Risk assessment Research funding Leanness Cardiovascular diseases Descriptive statistics HIV infections Longitudinal method Data analysis software Walking speed Tumors Proportional hazards models Grip strength Tuberculosis sug: subj: Communicable diseases Health status indicators Sex distribution Smoking Hypertension Causes of death Age distribution Rural population Alcohol drinking Stroke Educational attainment Activities of daily living Diabetes AIDS South Africa Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages) Mortality risk factors Risk assessment Research funding Leanness Cardiovascular diseases Descriptive statistics HIV infections Longitudinal method Data analysis software Walking speed Tumors Proportional hazards models Grip strength Tuberculosis keyword: cardiovascular diseases cause of death copyrightHolder:British Geriatrics Society copyrightYear:2026 https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag177 inLanguage:en middle-aged and older adults mortality publisher:Oxford University Press sameAs:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42381393/ cardiovascular diseases cause of death copyrightHolder:British Geriatrics Society copyrightYear:2026 https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag177 inLanguage:en middle-aged and older adults mortality publisher:Oxford University Press sameAs:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42381393/ ab: Background Assessing mortality levels, causes of death and associated risk factors is critical for strengthening health systems and guiding targeted health interventions. We examined overall and cause-specific mortality and their associated risk factors among middle-aged and older adults in a rural, rapidly transitioning South African setting. Methods Data were drawn from the Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community (HAALSI) cohort. Risk factors for mortality from 2014/2015 to 2021 were analysed using Cox-Proportional Hazards and Fine and Gray competing-risk models. Results The 5059 adults aged 40 years and older at enrolment in the HAALSI cohort in 2014/2015 experienced 1116 (22.1%) deaths over 28 955 person-years of follow-up by 2021. Overall, mortality was higher in men (48.3 deaths per 1000 person-years) than women (30.7 deaths per 1000 person-years). Risk of death increased with age and was significantly associated with male sex, lower education, history of smoking or alcohol use, poor self-rated health, underweight, limitations in activities of daily living, slower walk speed, lower grip strength and histories of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, tuberculosis and unsuppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Cardiovascular diseases were the leading causes of death (30.3%) in both men (25.9%) and women (35.8%), followed by other infectious diseases (23.8%), neoplasms (14.4%), HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (10.1%). Conclusion These findings highlight the dual mortality burden from non-communicable and infectious diseases among older adults in rural South Africa. Integrated interventions targeting non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases and physical function are urgently needed to reduce premature mortality and improve health outcomes. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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