The experience of cognitive conflict is intrinsically rewarding.

The co-activation of two incompatible responses leads to the experience of cognitive conflict, which is thought to be aversive and hence, generally avoided. Consequently, previous research has often rewarded participants monetarily for engaging in cognitive conflict. In contrast, here, across two ex...

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Publicado en:Communications Psychology Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 1 - 15
Autores principales: La Pietra, Marta, Vives, Marc-Lluís, Molinaro, Nicola, Ruzzoli, Manuela
Formato: equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Springer Nature 5/6/2026
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 5/6/2026
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      pub: Springer Nature
      place: New York, New York
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        10.1038/s44271-026-00462-3
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          La Pietra, Marta
          Vives, Marc-Lluís
          Molinaro, Nicola
          Ruzzoli, Manuela
        affil: https://ror.org/01a28zg77 Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
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        subj:
          Cognitive Dissonance Evaluation
          Conflict (Psychology) Evaluation
          Neuropsychological Tests
          Task Performance and Analysis
          Emotions Evaluation
          Patient Attitudes Evaluation
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          Experimental Studies
          Spanish Persons Psychosocial Factors
          Questionnaires
          Scales
          Descriptive Statistics
          Repeated Measures
          Analysis of Variance
          Chi Square Test
          T-Tests
          Data Analysis Software
          Funding Source
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: The co-activation of two incompatible responses leads to the experience of cognitive conflict, which is thought to be aversive and hence, generally avoided. Consequently, previous research has often rewarded participants monetarily for engaging in cognitive conflict. In contrast, here, across two experiments (N = 100 each), participants freely chose the level of cognitive conflict they wanted to engage in the Simon (experiment 1) and Stroop tasks (experiment 2) with no external reward. In both experiments, we found that participants chose to freely engage with cognitive conflict, evaluated it as effortful yet enjoyable, and reported feeling surprised and enthusiastic after experiencing high cognitive conflict. Overall, these findings suggest that cognitive conflict is valued and can function as an intrinsic reward, despite the effort associated with it. These results broaden the neuroeconomic approach to cognitive control theories by integrating a hedonic perspective on the subjective experience of cognitive conflict. Across two online experiments (N = 200), we show that people freely choose to engage in cognitive conflict (Simon and Stroop tasks) without external rewards. Perceived as effortful yet enjoyable, cognitive conflict acts as an intrinsic reward.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        equations & formulas
        research
        tables/charts
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    language: English
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