The Long Arm of Incarceration: Incarceration History and Mortality Risk in a Nationally Representative Cohort of Older US Adults, 2012–2022.
Objectives. To evaluate whether incarceration history is associated with mortality risk among older adults in the United States. Methods. We used data from the 2012/2014–2022 Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative longitudinal panel of US adults aged 51 years and older. We estimate...
| Publicado en: | American Journal of Public Health Vol. 116; no. 8; pp. 1234 - 1244 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Public Health Association
Aug2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=195376220&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 195376220 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00900036 APH jtl: American Journal of Public Health issn: 00900036 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Aug2026 vid: 116 iid: 8 pid: 44 pub: American Public Health Association artinfo: ui: 195376220 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308449 ppf: 1234 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: The Long Arm of Incarceration: Incarceration History and Mortality Risk in a Nationally Representative Cohort of Older US Adults, 2012–2022. aug: au: Gutierrez, Carmen Lisch, Max Zhang, Yuan S. Farina, Mateo P. affil: Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC. Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC., Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC., Department of Sociology, University of Texas, Austin, TX.; Population Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX. Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY. Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY., Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX. Population Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX., su: United States Imprisonment Sex distribution Age distribution Aging Middle age Old age Mortality risk factors Risk assessment Research funding Secondary analysis Scientific observation Descriptive statistics Longitudinal method Data analysis software Confidence intervals sug: subj: Imprisonment Sex distribution Age distribution Aging Middle age Old age United States Mortality risk factors Risk assessment Research funding Secondary analysis Scientific observation Descriptive statistics Longitudinal method Data analysis software Confidence intervals ab: Objectives. To evaluate whether incarceration history is associated with mortality risk among older adults in the United States. Methods. We used data from the 2012/2014–2022 Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative longitudinal panel of US adults aged 51 years and older. We estimated mortality risk using Gompertz proportional hazards models and calculated average marginal effects to estimate predicted years of life lost. Additional models examined results for men and age groups. We used matched analyses to assess robustness. Results. Incarceration history was associated with an 88% higher hazard of death (hazard ratio = 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51, 2.35) after adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, and childhood health and socioeconomic factors. Marginal predictions reveal individuals with previous incarceration were estimated to die 5.8 years earlier on average (95% CI = −8.26, −2.51), with stronger associations observed for men and adults younger than 75 years. Conclusions. Incarceration history is a durable determinant of premature mortality in later life. Public Health Implications. Accounting for incarceration exposure in aging and mortality research is critical for addressing structural drivers of health inequality in the United States. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(8):1234–1243. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308449) pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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