Education, propaganda, and visual discourse in socialist Romania (1948–1989).

The official discourse during the communist regime in Romania (1948–1989) has not been paid much attention by researchers and the official visual discourse, addressing adults and children, even less so. My study aims to address this research gap and identify the identity markers of the Romanian terr...

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Publicado en:Paedagogica Historica Vol. 62; no. 4; pp. 600 - 629
Autor principal: Ilovan, Oana-Ramona
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Aug2026
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Education, propaganda, and visual discourse in socialist Romania (1948–1989).
      aug:
        au: Ilovan, Oana-Ramona
        affil: Department of Regional Geography and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, and Territorial Identities and Development Research Centre, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
      su:
        Communist education
        Geography
        Textbooks
        Postcards
        Comic books, strips, etc.
        Romania
      sug:
        subj:
          Romania
          Communist education
          Geography
          Textbooks
          Postcards
          Comic books, strips, etc.
      keyword:
        comics
        geography textbooks
        picture postcards
        territorial identity
        visual representations
      ab: The official discourse during the communist regime in Romania (1948–1989) has not been paid much attention by researchers and the official visual discourse, addressing adults and children, even less so. My study aims to address this research gap and identify the identity markers of the Romanian territory during socialism by exploring spatial representations and the territorial identity that were produced through official visual imagery. Using qualitative discourse analysis and critical visual methodology, I analyse the visual construction, through discourse, of themes and places created starting with the 1950s and were featured repeatedly during the 1970s and 1980s Romania (the period of national communism), and which constructed and highlighted traits of the country's territorial identity. To achieve the research aim, I explore three types of research materials and ways of realising spatial education and socialisation through (propaganda) images or a visual pedagogy of space: (1) photographs in three textbooks about the Geography of Romania – a tool in educating people's representations of their homeland, (2) official (state-produced and distributed) picture postcards reflecting progress during socialist Romania, and (3) comics about work and class identities in Cutezătorii [The Daring Ones] youth magazine – a tool in the edutainment of Romanian communist pioneers. These three official visual discourses were part of a coherent cultural visual discourse about the socialist nation, pervading representations about Romania, about its urban area, and about who the Romanians were meant to have been. This plural discourse was constructed through the visual intertextuality of these three widely distributed media.
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