DIGITAL PALEOGRAPHY IN ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS: THE PERFORMANCE LEVELS OF THE GEMINI MODEL IN RECOGNIZING NASKH, TA'LIQ, AND RUQ'AH SCRIPTS.
The digitization of manuscripts remains a critical challenge in Digital Humanities due to the morphological complexity of Arabic scripts. This study evaluates the performance of Large Language Models, specifically Gemini, in digitizing Arabic manuscripts. Using manuscripts in naskh, ruq'ah, and ta'l...
| Publicado en: | Dinbilimleri Journal Vol. 26; no. 2; pp. 909 - 941 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Dinbilimleri Journal
haz2026
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=195825815&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 195825815 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 13039199 83AY jtl: Dinbilimleri Journal issn: 13039199 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: haz2026 vid: 26 iid: 2 pid: 47205 pub: Dinbilimleri Journal artinfo: ui: 195825815 10.33415/daad.1914124 ppf: 909 ppct: 32 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 9.4MB tig: atl: DIGITAL PALEOGRAPHY IN ARABIC MANUSCRIPTS: THE PERFORMANCE LEVELS OF THE GEMINI MODEL IN RECOGNIZING NASKH, TA'LIQ, AND RUQ'AH SCRIPTS. aug: au: ADIGÜZEL, Abdulcabbar ÖZBEK, Muhammed Sadık affil: Assist. Prof. Dr., Samsun University, Faculty of Theology, Department of Basic Islamic Sciences, Department of Tafsir, Samsun/Turkey Res. Assist. Dr., Düzce University, Faculty of Theology, Department of Basic Islamic Sciences, Department of Hadith, Düzce/Turkey su: Paleography Language models Preservation of manuscripts Manuscripts sug: subj: Paleography Language models Preservation of manuscripts Manuscripts keyword: Digital Humanities Hadith HTR/OCR LLM Tafsir Dijital Beşeri Bilimler Hadis Tefsir ab: The digitization of manuscripts remains a critical challenge in Digital Humanities due to the morphological complexity of Arabic scripts. This study evaluates the performance of Large Language Models, specifically Gemini, in digitizing Arabic manuscripts. Using manuscripts in naskh, ruq'ah, and ta'līq scripts, model outputs were analyzed via Levenshtein distance, Word Error Rate, and Character Error Rate metrics. Results indicate recognition accuracy varies by script, with raw character accuracy at 97.91% for naskh, 94.32% for ruq'ah, and 93.51% for ta'līq. A substantial portion of errors in ruq'ah and ta'līq arose from orthographic variations in the letter yā and the hamza. Excluding these anomalies, accuracy across all scripts consistently reached the 97-98% range. The study concludes that while AI models demonstrate robust performance in deciphering manuscript templates, their integration into classical text edition (tahqīq) requires careful oversight of paleographic nuances, despite their high potential to assist professional publication. The experiment was conducted with the Gemini 3.1 Pro model under a fixed-prompt protocol. Since only the opening page of a single manuscript was used per script type, the findings should be interpreted as preliminary indicators rather than definitive conclusions. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Dinbilimleri Journal is the property of Dinbilimleri Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Dinbilimleri Journal holder: Dinbilimleri Journal dt: @attributes: year: 2026 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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