Decomposing trust-related decision making: dimensionality and predictability of phishing susceptibility in an adult lifespan sample.

Objectives Email phishing is a major source of fraud, costing individuals and organizations billions of dollars each year. Older adults are disproportionately vulnerable to phishing and are frequently targeted by scammers. As phishing increases in sophistication, there is a growing need to understan...

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Publicado en:Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences Vol. 81; no. 8; pp. 1 - 12
Autores principales: Wang, Shensheng, Hakim, Ziad, Pehlivanoglu, Didem, Ebner, Natalie C, Grilli, Matthew D, Wilson, Robert C
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Aug2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Decomposing trust-related decision making: dimensionality and predictability of phishing susceptibility in an adult lifespan sample.
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          Wang, Shensheng
          Hakim, Ziad
          Pehlivanoglu, Didem
          Ebner, Natalie C
          Grilli, Matthew D
          Wilson, Robert C
        affil:
          School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
          Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United StatesDepartment of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States
          Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United StatesCenter for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
          Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United StatesMcKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States
      su:
        Decision making
        Age distribution
        Email
        Trust
        Deception
        Aging
        Fraud
        Adults
        Middle age
        Old age
        Risk assessment
        Statistical correlation
        Mathematical variables
        Data security
        Research funding
        Prediction models
        Psychophysics
        Artificial neural networks
        Research
        Psychological vulnerability
      sug:
        subj:
          Decision making
          Age distribution
          Email
          Trust
          Deception
          Aging
          Fraud
          Adults
          Middle age
          Old age
          Other Computer Related Services
          Computer systems design and related services (except video game design and development)
          Risk assessment
          Statistical correlation
          Mathematical variables
          Data security
          Research funding
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          Psychophysics
          Artificial neural networks
          Research
          Psychological vulnerability
      keyword:
        adult
        aged
        aging
        copyrightHolder:The Gerontological Society of America
        copyrightYear:2026
        Cyber security
        deception
        Deception detection
        decision making
        https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbag090
        inLanguage:en
        life span
        Neural network modeling
        neural networks (computer)
        publisher:Oxford University Press
        sameAs:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42166734/
        signal detection (psychology)
        adult
        aged
        aging
        copyrightHolder:The Gerontological Society of America
        copyrightYear:2026
        Cyber security
        deception
        Deception detection
        decision making
        https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbag090
        inLanguage:en
        life span
        Neural network modeling
        neural networks (computer)
        publisher:Oxford University Press
        sameAs:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42166734/
        signal detection (psychology)
      ab: Objectives Email phishing is a major source of fraud, costing individuals and organizations billions of dollars each year. Older adults are disproportionately vulnerable to phishing and are frequently targeted by scammers. As phishing increases in sophistication, there is a growing need to understand the decision-making processes behind phishing susceptibility: What makes someone susceptible to phishing? Can their susceptibility be predicted, and does phishing susceptibility increase with age? Methods To address these important research questions, we take a data-driven approach, fitting a series of neural network models to data from an adult lifespan sample of human decision-making behavior in a phishing email detection task with demonstrated ecological validity. By varying the size of hidden layers in the neural networks, we systematically investigated the dimensionality of phishing susceptibility, asking how many characterizing features of a participant and an email are needed to predict successful detection of phishing emails. We further examined how these dimensions correlated with signal detection metrics and age to elucidate their psychological significance. Results As few as 6 dimensions captured almost half the variability in the data. 2 dimensions were differentially associated with sensitivity and criterion. 3 dimensions showed significant but distinct correlations with age. Discussion Phishing susceptibility is low-dimensional and moderately predictable. Multiple dissociable components contribute to phishing detection, with age exerting distinct, component-specific influences. This work illustrates the utility of neural network modeling for uncovering latent structure in phishing susceptibility and advances understanding of trust-related decision making in adulthood and aging.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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