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Application of Brain–Computer Interactive Rehabilitation Training Combined With a Gait Robot: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To explore the effects of brain–computer interactive (BCI) rehabilitation training combined with gait robot (GR) on gait recovery in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. Randomized controlled trial. Hospital settings across the Shandong Provincial Third Hospital. A total of 120 eligible subjects w...

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Published in:Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Vol. 107; no. 8; pp. 2064 - 2075
Main Authors: Hu, Chuan, Wang, Xin, Pan, Tongliang, Dong, Yelei, Zhang, Xianliang
Format: research randomized controlled trial Journal Article
Published: W B Saunders Aug2026
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        00039993
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      jtl: Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
      issn: 00039993
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    pubinfo:
      dt: Aug2026
      vid: 107
      iid: 8
      pid: 1351
      pub: W B Saunders
      place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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        195995871
        195995871
        195995871
        10.1016/j.apmr.2026.02.008
        195995871
      ppf: 2064
      ppct: 11
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      tig:
        atl: Application of Brain–Computer Interactive Rehabilitation Training Combined With a Gait Robot: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
      aug:
        au:
          Hu, Chuan
          Wang, Xin
          Pan, Tongliang
          Dong, Yelei
          Zhang, Xianliang
        affil: Rehabilitation Treatment Center, Shandong Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Stroke Rehabilitation
          Hemiplegia Rehabilitation
          Gait Training Methods
          Brain-Computer Interfaces
          Robotics Utilization
          Combined Modality Therapy
          Lower Extremity Physiology
          Functional Assessment
          Gait Analysis
          Human
          Stroke Patients
          China
          Randomized Controlled Trials
          Random Assignment
          Comparative Studies
          Rehabilitation Centers
          Scales
          Clinical Assessment Tools
          Electromyography
          Tibialis Anterior Muscle
          Gastrocnemius Muscle
          Walking Speed
          Guided Imagery
          Exoskeleton Devices Utilization
          Analysis of Variance
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Balance, Postural
          Gait Disorders, Neurologic Rehabilitation
      ab: To explore the effects of brain–computer interactive (BCI) rehabilitation training combined with gait robot (GR) on gait recovery in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. Randomized controlled trial. Hospital settings across the Shandong Provincial Third Hospital. A total of 120 eligible subjects were enrolled and randomly allocated, via random-number table, into 4 equal groups (n=30 each): control (routine training), BCI, GR, and BCI-GR (BCI combined with GR training). Each group received its designated training once daily, 6 d/wk, for 8 consecutive weeks. Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), integrated electromyography (IEMG), and stride parameters. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 4 wk, and 8 wk. After 8 wk, all interventions—BCI, GR, and BCI-GR—significantly improved lower-limb function, muscle activity, and gait compared with control (all P <.01). FMA-LE increased by +12.93 (BCI-GR), +12.16 (BCI), and +12.07 (GR) versus +8.20 in control; BBS improved by +14.53, +13.63, and +14.30 versus +9.53; FAC improved by +1.73, +1.73, and +1.77 versus +1.37. IEMG of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius increased most in BCI-GR (+0.156 and +0.063), significantly higher than BCI and GR (P <.05), whereas co-contraction ratio decreased most in BCI-GR (–18.59%; P <.05). Stride parameters (step frequency, step length, step width, and walking speed) improved in all intervention groups, with BCI-GR showing greater gains in step frequency (+25.90) and step width reduction (–12.87) versus single interventions (P <.05). No other significant differences among intervention groups were observed at week 8. BCI and GR interventions significantly improve lower-limb motor function, muscle activation, and gait in poststroke patients. Combined BCI-GR training accelerates early functional recovery and more effectively enhances muscle activation patterns compared with single interventions, providing a promising strategy for poststroke rehabilitation.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        randomized controlled trial
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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