PARMENIDAS: TEISINGUMAS KAIP RAKTAS Į BŪTIES PRIGIMTĮ.
The paper deals with the fundamental problem of philosophy -- the problem of being. The research begins with the analysis of the famous poem of Parmenides where, for the first time in the Western tradition of philosophy, the being, apart from being just mentioned, is also provided with a logical fou...
| Publicado en: | Problems / Problemos Vol. 73; pp. 131 - 155 |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
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Vilnius University
2008
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=31575641&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 31575641 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 13921126 3D4C jtl: Problems / Problemos issn: 13921126 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 2008 vid: 73 pid: 16037 pub: Vilnius University artinfo: ui: 31575641 10.15388/Problemos.2008.0.2011 ppf: 131 ppct: 24 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 455KB tig: atl: PARMENIDAS: TEISINGUMAS KAIP RAKTAS Į BŪTIES PRIGIMTĮ. aug: au: Jankauskas, Skirmantas affil: Vilniaus universiteto Filosofijos katedra, Universiteto g. 9/1, LT-01513 Vilnius Vilniaus pedagoginio universiteto Filosofijos katedra, T. Ševčenkos g. 31, LT-03111 Vilnius su: Philosophy Ontology Parmenides, of Elea Poetry (Literary form) Literary criticism Logic Good & evil sug: subj: Philosophy Ontology Parmenides, of Elea Poetry (Literary form) Literary criticism Logic Good & evil keyword: being justice society the beautiful the good theory truth virtue būtis dorybė gėris grožis sociumas teisingumas teorija tiesa ab: The paper deals with the fundamental problem of philosophy -- the problem of being. The research begins with the analysis of the famous poem of Parmenides where, for the first time in the Western tradition of philosophy, the being, apart from being just mentioned, is also provided with a logical foundation. It is demonstrated here that the logically attractive considerations of the second part of the poem both fail to substantiate the discovery of the being and give no hints about its content. The way to deal with the above mentioned problems is found in the typically ignored beginning of the poem. Clues for the explication of the mysterious proem are sought in some Plato's dialogues. The chariot drawn by steeds in Parmenides' poem is associated with the representation of the soul as a charioteer driving two steeds in Plato's Phaedrus, and the ride towards the gates of Night and Day is associated with the concept of the "right way" in Plato's Symposium respectively. However, attention is focused on Parmenides' reference that the gate dividing Night and Day is guarded by Justice. An assumption is made that Plato exploits this reference while constructing his ideally just state. Failing to theoretically thematize virtue in Phaedrus, Plato blames writing which incorporates theory for its inability to assimilate the ethical content, but refuses to abandon this undertaking. It is supposed that in The Republic Plato continues his effort of theoretical thematization of virtue by trying to relate the latter to justice which is directly accessible by theory. In striving to enable justice to embrace the content of virtue, Plato is even compelled to make a virtue-incorporating philosopher preside over his ideal state. Nonetheless, Plato fails to reach his direct objective in The Republic. However, the action of constructing ideal justice quite unexpectedly reveals the origin of being, i.e. its subordination to the Good. Straipsnyje aptariama filosofijai pamatinė būties problema. Tyrimo atspirties tašku pasirinkta Parmenido poema, kurioje bene pirmą kartą vakarietiškoje filosofavimo tradicijoje būtis ne tik paminima, bet ir pagrindžiama. Parodoma, kad logiškai patrauklūs poemos antrosios dalies svarstymai ne tik nepagrindžia būties aptikimo būdo, bet ir neteikia nuorodų jos turiniui apibrėžti. Papildomų užuominų aptiktoms problemoms spręsti ieškoma platoniškai interpretuojant paprastai ignoruojamą Parmenido poemos mįslingąją pradžią. Interpretuojant tą pradžią kaip būties atradimo kontekstą, joje minimas žirgų traukiamas vežimaitis susiejamas su Faidro dvikinke, o kelionė link Nakties ir Dienos vartų -- su Puotos „teisinguoju keliu". Tačiau pagrindinis dėmesys telkiamas mėginant paaiškinti parmenidiškąją nuorodą, kad vartus, atveriančius tiesioginę būties pažinimo prieigą, saugo Teisingumas. Daroma prielaida, kad Platonas pasinaudoja šia nuoroda konstruodamas teisingumo požiūriu tobulą polinę sąrangą. Faidre nenusisekus teoriškai temizuoti dorybę, Platonas pasmerkia teoriją įkūnijantį raštą dėl jo ribotumo asimiliuojant filosofui rūpimus etinius turinius, tačiau savo užmačios neatsisako. Tariama, kad Politejoje Platonas mėgina temizuoti dorybę susiedamas ją su teorijai tiesiogiai prieinamu teisingumu. Siekdamas persmelkti teisingumą dorybe, Platonas net priverstas doriškai tobulą filosofą padaryti valdovu. Ir nors Politejoje teoriškai temizuoti dorybės nepavyksta, tačiau tobulo teisingumo konstravimo veiksmas apnuogina būties prigimtį, t. y. jos sąlygotumą gėrio vertybe. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: Lithuanian refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Problems / Problemos is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Problems / Problemos holder: Vilnius University dt: @attributes: year: 2008 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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