SUBSTANCINIAI IR PROCEDŪRINIAI PRAKTINIO RACIONALUMO ASPEKTAI.
The article discusses the distinction between substantive and procedural rationality made by Herbert Simon, which has provided the conceptual framework for the empirical research on the boundaries of human rationality. In this research, two approaches with a different understanding of heuristics for...
| Published in: | Problems / Problemos Vol. 73; pp. 90 - 104 |
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| Format: | Article |
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Vilnius University
2008
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=31575658&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 31575658 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 13921126 3D4C jtl: Problems / Problemos issn: 13921126 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 2008 vid: 73 pid: 16037 pub: Vilnius University artinfo: ui: 31575658 10.15388/Problemos.2008.0.2015 ppf: 90 ppct: 14 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 270KB tig: atl: SUBSTANCINIAI IR PROCEDŪRINIAI PRAKTINIO RACIONALUMO ASPEKTAI. aug: au: Norkus, Zenonas affil: Vilniaus universiteto Filosofijos fakulteto, Sociologijos katedra, Universiteto g. 9/1, LT-01513 Vilnius su: Reason Simon, Herbert A. (Herbert Alexander), 1916-2001 Cognition Human behavior Algorithms Information theory sug: subj: Reason Simon, Herbert A. (Herbert Alexander), 1916-2001 Cognition Human behavior Algorithms Information theory keyword: anomalies of rationality ecological rationality rational choice theory substantive and procedural rationality ekologinis racionalumas racionalaus pasirinkimo teorija racionalumo anomalijos substancinis ir procedūrinis racionalumas ab: The article discusses the distinction between substantive and procedural rationality made by Herbert Simon, which has provided the conceptual framework for the empirical research on the boundaries of human rationality. In this research, two approaches with a different understanding of heuristics for cognition and choice are distinguished. In the first approach (David Kahneman, Amos Tversky), heuristics is interpreted as a source of the pathologies in human rationality. In the second (Gerd Gigerenzer), they are conceived as a means for an effective simulation of substantive rationality, making human behaviour ecologically rational. Discussing the reasons for this Janus-faced duplicity of heuristics, some ambiguities in the distinction between the procedural and substantive rationality are disclosed. This distinction may mean (1) the difference between the process and the product of information processing; (2) the distinction between correct but unpracticable alghoritms and incorrect but practical heuristics in information processing itself, and (3) between the form and the content (substance) in the problem solving behaviour. Another source of the problems with this distinction is reflexivity of the knowledge about rationality, i. e. the impact of the theories of rationality on their object (human rationality). Straipsnis aptaria Herberto Simono nubrėžtą substancinio ir procedūrinio racionalumo perskyrą. Ši perskyra sukūrė konceptualias prielaidas empiriniams žmogiškojo racionalumo ribų tyrimams. Šie tyrimai turi dvi prieigas, besiskiriančias pažinimo ir pasirinkimo euristikų samprata. Vienos prieigos šalininkai (Davidas Kahnemanas, Amosas Tversky) euristikas supranta kaip žmogiškojo racionalumo anomalijų ir patologijų šaltinį, kitos (Gerdas Gigerenzeris) -- kaip substancinio racionalumo simuliacijos efektyvios priemonės, dėl kurių žmogaus elgesys paprastai būna ekologiškai racionalus. Nagrinėjant šio euristikų dvilypumo priežastis, atskleidžiamos tam tikros dviprasmybės ir neaiškumai pačioje procedūrinio ir substancinio racionalumo skirtyje. Būtent ji gali reikšti skirtumą tarp informacijos apdorojimo proceso ir jo produkto; skirtumą tarp teisingų, bet nepraktiškų algoritmų ir neteisingų, bet praktiškų euristikų; skirtumą tarp „formos" ir „turinio" problemas sprendžiančiame elgesyje. Tą skirtį problemišką ir paslankią daro ir žinojimo apie racionalumą refleksyvus pobūdis: racionalumo teorijos transformuoja savo objektą, t. y. žmogiškąjį racionalumą. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: Lithuanian refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Problems / Problemos is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Problems / Problemos holder: Vilnius University dt: @attributes: year: 2008 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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