| Sumario: | The reception of Homer in the European Renaissance is still in many ways an uncharted territory. The present article deals with some approaches to Iliad and Odyssey in the four main European humanistic cultures at the turn of the 16th century. Though not systematic in its analysis, it tries to assess similarities and differences between the Homeric studies of some outstanding Italian, Spanish, German and French humanists, with a special focus on their attitude to earlier Greek Homeric exegesis, and on the enduring conflict between philology and allegory, between a “textual” and a “moralistic” approach. This attempt towards a new perspective on the overall development of the European reception of Homer will be substantiated by the study of partly neglected (Politian, Melanchthon, Camerarius) or still unpublished exegetical material (Pincianus, Budé). Particular emphasis will be put on Guillaume Budé, whose manuscript notes to the Homeric poems reveal the surprising wealth of his sources; in some cases, these notes may help improve the text of ancient scholia or even bring to light new, hitherto unknown, fragments of Alexandrian exegesis. (I. Italian prologue – II. Spain: the case of Pincianus – III. Germany: a moral Homer – IV.1 Paris; IV.2 Budé’s notes: dating; IV.3 Budé’s notes and ancient Homeric exegesis; IV.4 Budé’s Homer. – Appendix A: From Pincianus’ notes on Iliad and Odyssey; Appendix B: From Budé’s notes on the Iliad; Appendix C: Some Homeric references in Budé’s published works. Le Paris que vous aimâtes n’est pas celui que nous aimons et nous nous dirigeons sans hâte vers celui que nous oublierons Raymond Queneau, L’Amphion (1967) Le Paris où nous marchons N’est pas celui où nous marchâmes Et nous avançons sans flamme Vers celui que nous laisserons. J. Roubaud, Paris (2006)
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