Chaucer’s ‘litel bok’, Plotinus, and the Ending of Troilus and Criseyde.

Towards the end of Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, as almost all of the tragic strokes of the story have fallen, the narrator- makere turns away from his material to address a kind of envoy to his ‘litel bok’. In two stanzas he sends his poem on its way, cautioning and exhorting it in the same breat...

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Published in:Neophilologus Vol. 93; no. 2; pp. 357 - 369
Main Author: Carney, Clíodhna
Format: Article
Published: Springer Nature Apr2009
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        10.1007/s11061-008-9129-5
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        atl: Chaucer’s ‘litel bok’, Plotinus, and the Ending of Troilus and Criseyde.
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        au: Carney, Clíodhna
        affil: Department of English, National University of Ireland, Galway Ireland
      su:
        Troilus & Criseyde (Book)
        Chaucer, Geoffrey, d. 1400
        Troilus (Legendary character)
        Cressida (Fictional character)
        Neoplatonism
        Greek folklore
        Greece
      sug:
        subj:
          Greece
          Troilus & Criseyde (Book)
          Chaucer, Geoffrey, d. 1400
          Troilus (Legendary character)
          Cressida (Fictional character)
          Neoplatonism
          Greek folklore
      keyword:
        Chaucer
        Ending of Troilus and Criseyde
        Envoy
        Exitus and reditus
        Neoplatonic theory of emanation
        Plotinus
        Troilus and Criseyde
      ab: Towards the end of Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, as almost all of the tragic strokes of the story have fallen, the narrator- makere turns away from his material to address a kind of envoy to his ‘litel bok’. In two stanzas he sends his poem on its way, cautioning and exhorting it in the same breath. This article is a re-examination of the ending, with special emphasis on these two stanzas, in the light of Plotinus’s Neoplatonic scheme of exitus and reditus, or emanation and return-to-source, that appears to influence the imagery and language of the poem at this stage. Although Plotinus’s Enneads were not read in their own right in the Middle Ages, they were transmitted through various influential channels, including Augustine and the pseudo-Dionysius. Through these thinkers, the idea of exitus and reditus came to influence Aquinas, and the theology of the later medieval period. In a discussion that draws upon Dante, the letter to Can Grande della Scala, and the Cursor Mundi, the author of this article traces the implications for the value of the poem, and its flawed, worldly subject, that the invocation of the Neoplatonic scheme of emanation entails.
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