Prior experience can influence whether the whole is different from the sum of its parts.
In two conditioning experiments with humans, we found that participants' prior experience exerted considerable influence on later learning of configural discrimination problems. Prior experience was manipulated by pre-training participants before the main acquisition stage. They either received a di...
| Publicado en: | Learning & Motivation Vol. 36; no. 1; pp. 20 - 42 |
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| Autores principales: | , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Academic Press Inc.
February 2005
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=507967899&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 507967899 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00239690 LMO jtl: Learning & Motivation issn: 00239690 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: February 2005 vid: 36 iid: 1 pid: 735 pub: Academic Press Inc. artinfo: ui: 507967899 10.1016/j.lmot.2004.06.002 ppf: 20 ppct: 22 formats: tig: atl: Prior experience can influence whether the whole is different from the sum of its parts. aug: au: Melchers, Klaus G. Lachnit, Harald Üngör, Metin su: Conditioned response Reinforcement (Psychology) Differentiation (Cognition) sug: subj: Conditioned response Reinforcement (Psychology) Differentiation (Cognition) keyword: Discrimination (Psychology) ab: In two conditioning experiments with humans, we found that participants' prior experience exerted considerable influence on later learning of configural discrimination problems. Prior experience was manipulated by pre-training participants before the main acquisition stage. They either received a discrimination problem that encouraged an elemental solution (A+, B-, AB+, CD- in Experiment I and A+, AB+, C-, CB- in Experiment 2) or one that required a configural solution (AB+, BC-, CD+, DA- in Experiment I and A-, AB+, C+, CB- in Experiment 2). Then, all participants were shown a discrimination that required a configural solution (E+, F+, EF- in Experiment 1 and DE+, EF-, FG+, GD- in Experiment 2). In both experiments, participants who had received elemental pre-training were impaired on the later configural problem compared to participants who had received configural pre-training. The results suggest that organisms can flexibly process stimuli elementally or configurally. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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