Auditory Speech Recognition and Visual Text Recognition in Younger and Older Adults: Similarities and Differences Between Modalities and the Effects of Presentation Rate.
Purpose: To examine age-related differences in auditory speech recognition and visual text recognition performance for parallel sets of stimulus materials in the auditory and visual modalities. In addition, the effects of variation in rate of presentation of stimuli in each modality were investigate...
| Published in: | Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 50; no. 2; pp. 283 - 304 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
April 2007
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=507969915&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 507969915 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10924388 1SM jtl: Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research issn: 10924388 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: April 2007 vid: 50 iid: 2 pid: 42 pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association artinfo: ui: 507969915 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/021) ppf: 283 ppct: 21 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 9MB tig: atl: Auditory Speech Recognition and Visual Text Recognition in Younger and Older Adults: Similarities and Differences Between Modalities and the Effects of Presentation Rate. aug: au: Humes, Larry E. Burk, Matthew H. Coughlin, Maureen P. su: Age (Psychology) Recognition (Psychology) Speech perception Visual perception sug: subj: Age (Psychology) Recognition (Psychology) Speech perception Visual perception ab: Purpose: To examine age-related differences in auditory speech recognition and visual text recognition performance for parallel sets of stimulus materials in the auditory and visual modalities. In addition, the effects of variation in rate of presentation of stimuli in each modality were investigated in each age group. Method: A mixed-model design was used in which 3 independent groups (13 young adults with normal hearing, 10 elderly adults with normal hearing, and 16 elderly hearing-impaired adults) listened to auditory speech tests (a sentence-in-noise task, time-compressed monosyllables, and a speeded-spelling task) and viewed visual text-based, analogs of the auditory tests. All auditory speech materials were presented so that the amplitude of the speech signal was at least 15 dB above threshold through 4000 Hz. Results: Analyses of the group data revealed that when baseline levels of performance were used as covariates in the group analyses the only significant group difference was that both elderly groups performed worse than the young group on the auditory. speeded-speech tasks. Analysis of individual data, using correlations, factor analysis, and linear regression, was generally consistent with the group data and revealed significant, moderate correlations of performance for similar tasks across modalities, but stronger correlations across tasks within a modality. This suggests that performance on these tasks was mediated both by a common underlying factor, such as cognitive processing, as well as modality-specific processing. Conclusion: Performance on measures of auditory processing of speech examined here was closely associated with performance on parallel measures of the visual processing of text obtained from the same participants. Young and older adults demonstrated comparable abilities in the use of contextual information in each modality, but older adults, regardless of hearing status, had more difficulty with fast presentation of auditory speech stimuli than young adults. There were no differences among the 3 groups with regard to the effects of presentation rate for the visual recognition of text, at least for the rates of presentation used here. Reprinted by permission of the publisher. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|