| Sumario: | A study was conducted to explore recent fertility trends in Ethiopia for evidence of short- and long-term responses to famine, political events, and economic decline. Retrospective data on children ever born from the 1990 National Family and Fertility Survey were utilized to estimate trends in annual marital conception probabilities, controlling for women's demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Findings revealed evidence of significant short-term declines in conception probabilities during years of famine and major political and economic upheaval. Furthermore, it was found that in the longer term, marital fertility in both urban and rural areas dropped in the 1980s, having increased moderately in the 1970s.
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