Stress, Dysregulation of Drug Reward Pathways, and the Transition to Drug Dependence.
This review provides a neuroadaptive perspective regarding the role of the hormonal and brain stress systems in drug addiction with a focus on the changes that occur during the transition from limited access to drugs to long-term compulsive use of drugs. A dramatic escalation in drug intake with ext...
| Publicado en: | American Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 164; no. 8; pp. 1149 - 1160 |
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| Autores principales: | , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
August 2007
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=513186453&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 513186453 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 0002953X API jtl: American Journal of Psychiatry issn: 0002953X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: August 2007 vid: 164 iid: 8 pid: 37323 pub: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. artinfo: ui: 513186453 10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.05030503 ppf: 1149 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Stress, Dysregulation of Drug Reward Pathways, and the Transition to Drug Dependence. aug: au: Koob, George Kreek, Mary Jeanne su: Psychological stress Drug abuse Brain function localization sug: subj: Psychological stress Drug abuse Brain function localization ab: This review provides a neuroadaptive perspective regarding the role of the hormonal and brain stress systems in drug addiction with a focus on the changes that occur during the transition from limited access to drugs to long-term compulsive use of drugs. A dramatic escalation in drug intake with extended access to drug self-administration is characterized by a dysregulation of brain reward pathways. Hormonal studies using an experimenter-administered cocaine binge model and an escalation self-administration model have revealed large increases in ACTH and corticosterone in rats during an acute binge with attenuation during the chronic binge stage and a reactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during acute withdrawal. The activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with cocaine appears to depend on feed-forward activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. At the same time, escalation in drug intake with either extended access or dependence-induction produces an activation of the brain stress system's corticotropin-releasing factor outside of the hypothalamus in the extended amygdala, which is particularly evident during acute withdrawal. A model of the role of different levels of hormonal/brain stress activation in addiction is presented that has heuristic value for understanding individual vulnerability to drug dependence and novel treatments for the disorder. Reprinted by permission of the publisher. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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