Word Recognition by English Monolingual and Mandarin-English Bilingual Speakers in Continuous and Interrupted Noise.

Word recognition in quiet and noise was examined with Mandarin-English bilingual and American English monolingual young adults (N = 24). The speech stimuli were Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 monosyllabic words. The competing stimuli were continuous and interrupted noises presented at t...

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Published in:Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology Vol. 35; no. 4; pp. 322 - 332
Main Authors: Zhang, Jianliang, Stuart, Andrew, Swink, Shannon
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Speech-Language & Audiology Canada Winter2011
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Winter2011
      vid: 35
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      pub: Speech-Language & Audiology Canada
      place: Ottawa, Ontario
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        atl: Word Recognition by English Monolingual and Mandarin-English Bilingual Speakers in Continuous and Interrupted Noise.
      aug:
        au:
          Zhang, Jianliang
          Stuart, Andrew
          Swink, Shannon
        affil: Department of Communication Disorders, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC. USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Speech Perception
          Noise
          Multilingualism
          Chinese Persons
          Human
          Comparative Studies
          English as a Second Language
          Acoustic Stimulation
          Perceptual Masking
          Male
          Female
          Students, Undergraduate North Carolina
          North Carolina
          Word Lists
          Speech Discrimination Tests
          Multivariate Analysis of Variance
          Hypothesis
          Male
          Female
      ab:
        Word recognition in quiet and noise was examined with Mandarin-English bilingual and American English monolingual young adults (N = 24). The speech stimuli were Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 monosyllabic words. The competing stimuli were continuous and interrupted noises presented at three signal-to-noise ratios (i.e., 10, 0, and -10 dB). The noises had identical power spectrums and differed in their temporal continuity. In quiet, English participants performed significantly better than the bilingual participants. In noise, performance deteriorated as signal-to-noise ratio decreased and was poorer in the continuous noise. Bilinguals had poorer word recognition than monolinguals. The "release from masking" displayed by the bilinguals in interrupted noise, however, was equivalent to the monolinguals. One can infer that temporal resolution ability, as indexed with a measure of release from masking with this word recognition in noise paradigm, is independent of linguistic exposure.
        Nous avons examiné la reconnaissance des mots dans un contexte silencieux et dans le bruit par de jeunes adultes bilingues parlant le mandarin et l'anglais et unilingues parlant l'anglais américain (N = 24). Les stimuli choisis étaient les mots monosyllabiques du Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6. Les stimuli concurrentiels étaient des signaux de bruit continu et interrompu présentés à trois rapports signal-bruit (10, 0 et -10 dB). Les bruits avaient des spectres de puissance identiques, mais une continuité temporelle différente. Dans le contexte silencieux, les participants anglophones ont démontré un rendement significativement meilleur que les participants bilingues. Dans le bruit, la performance s'est détériorée à mesure que nous réduisions le rapport signal-bruit, et les résultats dans le bruit continu étaient inférieurs. Les personnes bilingues avaient une moins grande reconnaissance des mots dans le bruit que les personnes unilingues. Toutefois, l'effet de « relâchement du masquage » chez les personnes bilingues dans le contexte du bruit interrompu était équivalent à celui chez les personnes unilingues. On peut donc conclure que la capacité de résolution temporelle, telle que répertoriée par la mesure de l'effet du relâchement du masquage dans cette tâche de reconnaissance des mots dans le bruit, est une capacité non liée à l'exposition linguistique.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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