Inhibition and interference in the think/no-think task.
Five experiments using the think/no-think (TNT) procedure investigated the effect of the no-think and substitute instructions on cued recall. In Experiment 1, when unrelated A-B paired associates were studied and cued for recall with A items, recall rates were reliably enhanced in the think conditio...
| Published in: | Memory & Cognition Vol. 40; no. 2; pp. 168 - 177 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
Feb2012
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=70715338&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 70715338 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 0090502X MEG jtl: Memory & Cognition issn: 0090502X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2012 vid: 40 iid: 2 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 70715338 10.3758/s13421-011-0144-6 ppf: 168 ppct: 9 formats: fmt: @attributes: type: P size: 201KB tig: atl: Inhibition and interference in the think/no-think task. aug: au: Racsmány, Mihály Conway, Martin Keresztes, Attila Krajcsi, Attila affil: The Leeds Memory Group, Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds UK Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Egry J. u. 1. Budapest 1111 Hungary Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest Hungary su: Hungary Task performance Analysis of variance Memory Chi-squared test Research Research funding Mathematical variables Data analysis software Descriptive statistics sug: subj: Task performance Analysis of variance Memory Hungary Chi-squared test Research Research funding Mathematical variables Data analysis software Descriptive statistics keyword: Backward facilitation Episodic Executive control Inhibition Interference/inhibition in memory retrieval Memory content Priming Recall Backward facilitation Episodic Executive control Inhibition Interference/inhibition in memory retrieval Memory content Priming Recall ab: Five experiments using the think/no-think (TNT) procedure investigated the effect of the no-think and substitute instructions on cued recall. In Experiment 1, when unrelated A-B paired associates were studied and cued for recall with A items, recall rates were reliably enhanced in the think condition and reliably impaired below baseline in the no-think condition. In Experiments 2 and 5, final recall was cued with B items, leading to reliably higher recall rates, as compared with baseline, in both the think and no-think conditions. This pattern indicates backward priming of no-think items. In Experiments 3 and 4, the no-think instruction was replaced with a thought substitution instruction, and participants were asked to think of another word instead of the studied one when they saw the no-think cued items. As in Experiments 1 and 2, the same amount of forgetting of B items was observed when A items were the cues, but in contrast to Experiment 2, there was no increase in the recall performance of A items when B items were the cues. These results suggest that not thinking of studied items or, alternatively, thinking of a substitute item to avoid a target item may involve different processes: the former featuring inhibition and the latter interference. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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