Scenes of Perception and Revelation: Gender and Truth in Antidreyfusard Caricature.

Since Emile Zola's "J'accuse," the Dreyfus affair has often been conceptualized as a struggle between truth and raison d'état. In this interpretation, the antidreyfusards voluntarily cede any claim to the concept of truth in favor of arguments based in the exigencies of national security. This artic...

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Published in:French Historical Studies Vol. 35; no. 2; pp. 381 - 418
Main Author: Everton, Elizabeth
Format: Article
Published: Duke University Press Spring2012
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      aug:
        au: Everton, Elizabeth
        affil: University of California, Los Angeles
      su:
        D'Ache, Caran
        Truthfulness & falsehood in art
        Dreyfus Affair, France, 1894-1906
        Zola, Émile, 1840-1902
        Jews in art
        Symbolism in art
        Caricature
        Marianne (French emblem) in art
        Antisemitism
        French Third Republic
        Nineteenth century
        France
      sug:
        subj:
          France
          D'Ache, Caran
          Truthfulness & falsehood in art
          Dreyfus Affair, France, 1894-1906
          Zola, Émile, 1840-1902
          Jews in art
          Symbolism in art
          Caricature
          Marianne (French emblem) in art
          Antisemitism
          French Third Republic
          Nineteenth century
      ab: Since Emile Zola's "J'accuse," the Dreyfus affair has often been conceptualized as a struggle between truth and raison d'état. In this interpretation, the antidreyfusards voluntarily cede any claim to the concept of truth in favor of arguments based in the exigencies of national security. This article suggests, however, that antidreyfusard rhetoric and imagery also employed a concept of truth: a subjective truth that depended on personal credibility as established through opposition to imagined enemies of France. The caricaturist Caran d'Ache represented this relational truth in scenes of antidreyfusard women identifying and rejecting dreyfusard or Jewish men. These scenes allowed the artist to emphasize the personal and conditional nature of this sort of truth by showing ambiguous sexualized or aggressive women acquiring credibility through their hostile interactions with dreyfusard or Jewish adversaries, thereby permitting the representation of a truth based on human interaction and relationships.
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