Screening for Cryptococcal Antigenemia in Anti-Retroviral Naive AIDS Patients in Benin City, Nigeria.
Objectives: Cryptococcus neoformans is the most incriminated fungal pathogen causing meningitis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, and is known to constitute a major cause of deaths in AIDS patients. This study thus aimed to determine the baseline sero-prevalence of Cryptococcus...
| Publicado en: | Oman Medical Journal Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 228 - 232 |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Oman Medical Specialty Board
May2012
|
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=77351414&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 77351414 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 1999768X 95H4 jtl: Oman Medical Journal issn: 1999768X maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: May2012 vid: 27 iid: 3 pid: 56326 pub: Oman Medical Specialty Board artinfo: ui: 77351414 77351414 77351414 10.5001/omj.2012.51 77351414 ppf: 228 ppct: 4 formats: tig: atl: Screening for Cryptococcal Antigenemia in Anti-Retroviral Naive AIDS Patients in Benin City, Nigeria. aug: au: Osazuwa, Favour Dirisu, John Osilume Okuonghae, Patrick Evbaguehita Ugbeb, Ose affil: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Benin Teaching hospital, PMB 1111, Benin City, Nigeria sug: subj: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Blood Cryptococcus Antigens Blood Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Microbiology Human CD4 Lymphocyte Count Cross Sectional Studies Male Female Academic Medical Centers Nigeria Flow Cytometry Seroprevalence Studies Data Analysis Software Young Adult Adult Middle Age Descriptive Statistics AIDS Patients Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Male Female ab: Objectives: Cryptococcus neoformans is the most incriminated fungal pathogen causing meningitis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, and is known to constitute a major cause of deaths in AIDS patients. This study thus aimed to determine the baseline sero-prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans infection in anti-retroviral naïve (ART-naïve) AIDS patients using the serum Cryptococcal antigen (crag) detection method. Baseline effect of variation in CD4 counts, as well as sex and age with seropositivity for crag were also determined. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 150 (61 males and 89 females) ART-naïve AIDS patients attending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus clinic (HIV) at the University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, within the period from February 2011- July 2011. Forty (18 males and 22 females) HIV positive outpatients with CD4 counts >200 cells/µl who were ART-naïve were recruited and used as controls. The sero-prevalence of crag in the patients and the control group was measured using the cryptococcal antigen latex agglutination system (CALAS) (Meridian Bioscience, Europe) and CD4 counts were measured using flow cytometry (Partec flow cytometer, Germany). Results: Of the 150 ART-naïve AIDS patients with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/µL; 19 (12.7%) were positive for serum Cryptococcal antigen. ART-naïve AIDS patients with CD4 count ≤50 cells/µl had the highest prevalence of serum crag. Lower CD4 counts were significantly associated with positivity for serum crag (p<0.001). Age and sex had no significant effect on the sero-positivity for serum crag. One (2.5%) of the controls was sero-positive for crag. Thus, serum crag was significantly associated with AIDS but not with HIV (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study uncovers a high prevalence of crag in ART-naive AIDS patients in Benin City. The prevalence of crag was higher in ART-naïve AIDS patients with lower CD4 counts. There is an urgent need to introduce routine screening for crag in ART-naïve AIDS patients in our locality to reduce the rapid mortality from Cryptococcal meningitis which accounts for a majority of the morbidity factor if undiagnosed during ART therapy. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|