Comparing Binocular Vision Suppression on an e-Reader versus a Smartphone.

Purpose: Normal binocular vision is an important factor that influences visual performance. Hence, this study aims to determine the differences in binocular vision suppression when using common handheld devices compared with a hard copy control. Methods: In this experimental study, 11 subjects were...

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Publicado en:Journal of Behavioral Optometry Vol. 23; no. 5/6; pp. 152 - 156
Autores principales: Kundart, James, Momeni-Moghadam, Hamed, Nguyen, Jessica, Hayes, John R.
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Optometric Extension Program 2012
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 2012
      vid: 23
      iid: 5/6
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      pub: Optometric Extension Program
      place: Lutherville Timonium, Maryland
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        atl: Comparing Binocular Vision Suppression on an e-Reader versus a Smartphone.
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        au:
          Kundart, James
          Momeni-Moghadam, Hamed
          Nguyen, Jessica
          Hayes, John R.
        affil: College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon
      sug:
        subj:
          Vision Physiology
          Wireless Communications
          Computers, Portable
          Vision Disorders Risk Factors
          Human
          Reading
          Vision Disorders Epidemiology
          Incidence
          Repeated Measures
          Analysis of Variance
          Data Analysis Software
          Mann-Whitney U Test
          T-Tests
          Male
          Female
          Adult
          Descriptive Statistics
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Purpose: Normal binocular vision is an important factor that influences visual performance. Hence, this study aims to determine the differences in binocular vision suppression when using common handheld devices compared with a hard copy control. Methods: In this experimental study, 11 subjects were asked to read the same text on a backlit smartphone, non-back-lit display e-reader, and hard copy (black text on white paper). Suppression was determined by subjective reporting using anaglyphic bar readers and glasses. The viewing distance was measured with a millimeter rule. Results: The incidence of suppression was 72.7% for the e-reader, 27.2% for the hardcopy, and 18.1% for the smart-phone. There were significant differences between the e-reader and hard copy by repeated measurement ANOVA for each reading condition. The working distance was farthest with the hard copy and closest with the smartphone. The mean working distances were significantly different by repeated measurement ANOVA with all three devices, with hard copy being read at 32.9± 3.0 cm, the e-reader at 29.9+5.3 cm, and the smartphone at 28.6±5.8 cm. Conclusions: Suppression of binocular vision is more likely on an e-reader and hard copy. This occurs despite a farther working distance than the smartphone and a closer working distance on an e-reader than a hard copy.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
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      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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