Cutaneous manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: a review of the clinical features, diagnosis and management.

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a relatively recent systemic autoimmune disorder defined by thrombotic events and/or obstetric complications in the presence of persistent elevated antiphospholipid antibodies. It is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and virtually any organ syste...

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Publicado en:Acta Reumatológica Portuguesa Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 10 - 19
Autores principales: Pinto-Almeida, Teresa, Caetano, Mónica, Sanches, Madalena, Selores, Manuela
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Sociedade Portuguesa de Reumatologia jan-mar2013
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Cutaneous manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: a review of the clinical features, diagnosis and management.
      aug:
        au:
          Pinto-Almeida, Teresa
          Caetano, Mónica
          Sanches, Madalena
          Selores, Manuela
        affil:
          Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santo António - Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
          Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade de Porto, Porto, Portugal
      su:
        Skin diseases
        Antiphospholipid syndrome treatment
        Antiphospholipid syndrome
        Autoimmune diseases
        Obstetrics
        Biological nomenclature
        Dermatology
        Diagnosis
      sug:
        subj:
          Skin diseases
          Antiphospholipid syndrome treatment
          Antiphospholipid syndrome
          Autoimmune diseases
          Obstetrics
          Biological nomenclature
          Dermatology
          Diagnosis
      keyword:
        Antiphospholipid Syndrome
        Dermatologia
        Diagnóstico
        Pele
        Review
        Revisão
        Síndrome Antifosfolipidico
        Skin
        Dermatologia
        Diagnóstico
        Pele
        Revisão
        Síndrome Antifosfolipidico
      ab:
        Antiphospholipid syndrome is a relatively recent systemic autoimmune disorder defined by thrombotic events and/or obstetric complications in the presence of persistent elevated antiphospholipid antibodies. It is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and virtually any organ system or tissue may be affected by the consequences of vascular occlusion. Diagnosis is sometimes difficult and although classification criteria have been published and revised there remain ongoing issues regarding nomenclature, expanding clinical features, laboratory tests and management and much still has to be done. Cutaneous manifestations are common and frequently the first sign of the disease. Although extremely diverse it's important to know which dermatological findings should prompt consideration of antiphospholipid syndrome and the appropriate management for those patients. Much has been debated about when to consider antiphospholipid syndrome and consensus still does not exist, however in spite of being a diagnostic challenge clinicians should know when to look for antiphospholipid antibodies since an early diagnosis is important to prevent further and serious complications. In this article we focus on the cutaneous features that should raise suspicion on the presence of antiphospholipid syndrome and on the complex management of such patients. Many other dermatological signs related to this syndrome have been described in the literature but only occasionally and without consistency or statistic impact and therefore will not be considered here.
        O síndrome antifosfolipidico é uma patologia auto-imu-ne relativamente recente definida por eventos trombó-ticos e/ou complicações obstétricas na presença de anticorpos antifosfolípido elevados persistentes. Caracteriza-se por um vasto leque de apresentações clínicas e virtualmente qualquer sistema orgânico ou tecido pode ser afectado por oclusão vascular. 0 diagnóstico é por vezes difícil e, apesar de critérios de classificação terem sido publicados e revistos, muitas dúvidas persistem relativamente à nomenclatura, características clínicas, testes laboratoriais e abordagem destes doentes. As manifestações cutâneas são comuns e, frequentemente, o primeiro sinal da doença. Apesar da grande variabilidade, é importante reconhecer os achados dermatológicos que devem levantar a suspeita de um síndrome antifosfolipidico, assim como a abordagem adequada destes doentes. Muito tem sido debatido sobre quando considerar o diagnóstico desta entidade, não havendo ainda consenso neste assunto; no entanto, apesar de ser um desafio diagnóstico, é importante saber quando investigar a presença de anticorpos antifosfolípidos, uma vez que um diagnóstico precoce é crucial para prevenir complicações futuras graves. No presente artigo os autores descrevem as manifestações dermatológicas que devem fazer considerar o diagnóstico com enfoque na abordagem complexa destes doentes. Têm sido descritas na literatura muitas outras alterações cutâneas relacionadas com esta entidade, no entanto, apenas de forma ocasional e sem consistência ou impacto estatístico, pelo que não serão consideradas.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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