| Sumario: | The article discusses the conceptualization of race throughout the Americas through an examination of the connection between race and nation-building and social integration. The author comments on the institutionalization of racial difference that was largely brought about by mercantilism and its associated system of racialized exploitative labor practices, particularly slavery, along with the racialized understanding of citizenship characteristic of Latin American nationalist movements. Other topics addressed include the relationship between race and class, Caribbean decolonization movements, and the way in which race theorists connected race with cultural difference.
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